[Diagnosis of chronic massive pulmonary thromboembolism in elderly patients].

Chronic massive thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery is an occlusion of the major branches of the pulmonary artery which develops as a result of repeated embolisms, as a result of non-dissolution and organizing of a thrombus or retrograde growth of a thrombus. The authors observed four elderly patients with chronic massive pulmonary embolization. In their clinical picture dominated progressing dyspnoea and signs of right heart failure.

[The present status of treatment of unstable angina pectoris].

UAP is a frequent manifestation of ischaemic heart disease; it is intermediary between stable angina and myocardial infarction and sudden death resp. The hospitalization mortality is 5%, approximately 15% of the patients with UAP develop myocardial infarction. The aim of UAP treatment is: 1.

[Neuroendocrine changes in chronic heart failure].

Chronic heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by many neuroendocrine manifestations by which the organism responds to the reduced cardiac output--the reduced minute volume. In order to ensure the blood flow to vitally important organs in several regions of the circulation vasoconstriction occurs. The plasma noradrenaline (NA) level rises and this correlates with the stage of chronic heart failure.

[Pulmonary embolism as a rare complication of a contusion in the inguinal region].

In the submitted case-history the authors describe the clinical case of an adolescent patient who developed phlebothrombosis of the right ileofemoral area one year after a blunt injury in the scrotal and right inguinal area. The symptoms of pulmonary embolism were detected sooner than the symptoms of phlebothrombosis. Two-dimensional echocardiography provided valuable information when the authors monitored the dynamics of changes in acute cor pulmonale and the effect of administered treatment.

[ECG Holter monitoring in patients with chronic renal failure in a long-term dialysis program].

Using the Holter method, the authors monitored for 24-hours 30 patients included in a long-term dialyzation programme during and after haemodialysis. A group of 15 patients who had during examination frequent or complex supraventricular or ventricular ectopia was compared with a group of 15 patients with sporadic ectopia. In the arrhythmic group paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia was recorded in 33% and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 13%, polytopic or repetitive ventricular extrasystoles in 14%, couplets in 20% and volleys of ventricular extrasystoles or non-persisting ventricular tachycardia in 20%.