Exploring the regulatory role of small RNAs in modulating host-pathogen interactions: implications for bacterial and viral infections.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and transfer RNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs) have emerged as crucial players in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in various cellular processes, including immunity and host defense against infections. In recent years, increasing evidence has highlighted their complex role in influencing the host response during viral and bacterial infections. miRNAs have been shown to play multiple roles in host-pathogen interaction like TLR activation and altered disease virulence during bacterial infections.

Epidemiological and molecular investigation of a hepatitis A outbreak in Tamil Nadu, Southern India.

Introduction: Hepatitis A virus causes an acute infection mainly in young children. The present study was carried out to characterize the nature of hepatitis A virus (HAV) involved in an outbreak of jaundice in children.

Methodology: Serum and stool samples from five children were sampled from among 26 clinically diagnosed jaundice cases.