A decrease in serum dihydrotestosterone levels in 9-year-old Vietnamese children from a dioxin exposure area.

Background: Dioxin is an environmental pollutant as well as an endocrine disruptor in humans. Our longitudinal study wants to clarify the relationship between dioxin exposure and endocrine disorders in children living in the Vietnamese dioxin hotspot.

Method: Seventeen congeners of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDDs/PCDFs) in maternal breast milk and seven serum steroid hormones in children of 43 and 46 mothers and their 9-year-old children from the non-exposure and the hotspot areas were measured, respectively.

Innate immune cell activation by adjuvant AS01 in human lymph node explants is age independent.

Vaccine adjuvants are thought to work by stimulating innate immunity in the draining lymph node (LN), although this has not been proven in humans. To bridge the data obtained in animals to humans, we have developed an in situ human LN explant model to investigate how adjuvants initiate immunity. Slices of explanted LNs were exposed to vaccine adjuvants and revealed responses that were not detectable in LN cell suspensions.

Drug Use Patterns in Wastewater and Socioeconomic and Demographic Indicators.

Importance: Measuring drug use behaviors in individuals and across large communities presents substantial challenges, often complicated by socioeconomic and demographic variables.

Objectives: To detect spatial and temporal changes in community drug use by analyzing concentrations of analytes in influent wastewater and exploring their associations with area-based socioeconomic and sociodemographic metrics like the area deprivation index (ADI) and rural-urban commuting area (RUCA) codes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This longitudinal, cross-sectional wastewater study was performed from May 2022 to April 2023 and included biweekly influent wastewater samples of 39 analytes from 8 sampling locations across 6 wastewater treatment plants in southern Nevada.

Panoramic review on polymeric microneedle arrays for clinical applications.

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) has significantly advanced medical practice in recent years due to its ability to prevent the degradation of substances in the gastrointestinal tract and avoid hepatic metabolism. Among different available approaches, microneedle arrays (MNAs) technology represents a fascinating delivery tool for enhancing TDD by penetrating the stratum corneum painless and minimally invasive for delivering antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral medications. Polymeric MNAs are extensively utilized among many available materials due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity.

A consultation and work-up diagnosis protocol for a multicancer early detection test: a case series study.

The emergence of multicancer early detection (MCED) tests holds promise for improving early cancer detection and public health outcomes. However, positive MCED test results require confirmation through recommended cancer diagnostic imaging modalities. To address these challenges, we have developed a consultation and work-up protocol for definitive diagnostic results post MCED testing, named SPOT-MAS.

Modified multiple papilla full flap combined with tunneling and de-epithelialized gingival graft to manage severe gingival recession in mandibular incisors: literature review and case report.

Gingival recession is a common condition in adults, causing esthetic issues or tooth sensitivity in patients. Gingival recession in the lower incisors area after orthodontic treatment is often difficult to predict, due to anatomical factors such as thin phenotype, shallow vestibular depth, and low frenum attachment. A young male patient presented to the clinic with severe Cairo Class I gingival recession at tooth 41 after 2 years of orthodontic treatment.

Correction: Trinh et al. LMP1-EBV Gene Deletion Mutations and HLA Genotypes of Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients in Vietnam. 2023, , 1-12.

The authors would like to make the following corrections to the paper published [...

Evolving pathways towards water security in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: An adaptive management perspective.

The interplay of climate change, upstream hydropower development, and local water engineering interventions for agricultural production contributes substantially to the transformation of waterscapes and water scarcity in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. This paper aims to examine how these dynamics are linked to the paradigm shift in water management in An Giang and Ben Tre, the two ecologically distinct provinces that face serious water scarcity in the delta. We used the adaptive management concept to examine how state-led policy directions from food security towards water security enable change in water management that gives priority to water retention.

Translation from Preclinical Research to Clinical Trials: Transdermal Drug Delivery for Neurodegenerative and Mental Disorders.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), particularly dementia, provide significant problems to worldwide healthcare systems. The development of therapeutic materials for various diseases has a severe challenge in the form of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Transdermal treatment has recently garnered widespread favor as an alternative method of delivering active chemicals to the brain.

Initial evaluation of the relationship between maximal axial vertebra rotation and the rotation deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: This study evaluated the relationship between maximal axial vertebra rotation (maxAVR) and other clinical and radiological indexes, compared to apical vertebra rotation (AVR) in idiopathic adolescent scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: Forty consecutive patients of AIS with Cobb angle of major curve > 40° were included. They were scanned by an EOS imaging system and had trunk rotational angle (TRA) measured by scoliometer.

Environmental Surveillance of Flood Control Infrastructure Impacted by Unsheltered Individuals Leads to the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Novel Mutations in the Spike Gene.

In the United States, the growing number of people experiencing homelessness has become a socioeconomic crisis with public health ramifications, recently exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that the environmental surveillance of flood control infrastructure may be an effective approach to understand the prevalence of infectious disease. From December 2021 through July 2022, we tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA from two flood control channels known to be impacted by unsheltered individuals residing in upstream tunnels.

Medication errors in emergency departments: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and severity.

Background: Medication errors significantly compromise patient safety in emergency departments. Although previous studies have investigated the prevalence of these errors in this setting, results have varied widely.

Aim: The aim was to report pooled data on the prevalence and severity of medication errors in emergency departments, as well as the proportion of patients affected by these errors.

Early Detection of Novel SARS-CoV-2 Variants from Urban and Rural Wastewater through Genome Sequencing and Machine Learning.

Genome sequencing from wastewater has emerged as an accurate and cost-effective tool for identifying SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, existing methods for analyzing wastewater sequencing data are not designed to detect novel variants that have not been characterized in humans. Here, we present an unsupervised learning approach that clusters co-varying and time-evolving mutation patterns leading to the identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Science Education for the Youth (SEFTY): A Neuroscience Outreach Program for High School Students in Southern Nevada during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Laboratory outreach programs for K-12 students in the United States from 2020 to 2022 were suspended or delayed due to COVID-19 restrictions. While Southern Nevada also observed similar closures for onsite programs, we and others hypothesized that in-person laboratory activities could be prioritized after increasing vaccine doses were available to the public and masking was encouraged. Here, we describe how the Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Precision Medicine at the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) collaborated with administrators from a local school district to conduct training activities for high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Science Education for the Youth (SEFTY): A Neuroscience Outreach Program for High School Students in Southern Nevada During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Unlabelled: Laboratory outreach programs for K-12 students in the United States from 2020-2022 were suspended or delayed due to COVID-19 restrictions. While Southern Nevada also observed similar closures for onsite programs, we and others hypothesized that in-person laboratory activities could be prioritized after increasing vaccine doses were available to the public and masking was encouraged. Here, we describe how the Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Precision Medicine at the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) collaborated with administrators from a local school district to conduct training activities for high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Natural flavonoids as potential therapeutics in the management of Alzheimer's disease: a review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder which is associated with the accumulation of proteotoxic Aβ peptides, and pathologically characterized by the deposition of Aβ-enriched plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Given the social and economic burden caused by the rising frequency of AD, there is an urgent need for the development of appropriate therapeutics. Natural compounds are gaining popularity as alternatives to synthetic drugs due to their neuroprotective properties and higher biocompatibility.

Spatial and Temporal Drug Usage Patterns in Wastewater Correlate with Socioeconomic and Demographic Indicators in Southern Nevada.

Evaluating drug use within populations in the United States poses significant challenges due to various social, ethical, and legal constraints, often impeding the collection of accurate and timely data. Here, we aimed to overcome these barriers by conducting a comprehensive analysis of drug consumption trends and measuring their association with socioeconomic and demographic factors. From May 2022 to April 2023, we analyzed 208 wastewater samples from eight sampling locations across six wastewater treatment plants in Southern Nevada, covering a population of 2.

New species of the eel genera Dysomma and Dysommina from Vietnam, South China Sea (Anguilliformes: Synaphobranchidae).

Two new cutthroat eel species are described from Vietnam. Dysomma intermedium sp. nov.

Community-based prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in the Vietnamese elderly.

Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle mass decline, is one of the leading health problems in the elderly. This study determined the rate of sarcopenia according to criteria by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and related factors in elderly people. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 632 people aged 60 years or over in Ho Chi Minh City.