Over 14-year survival of pressed e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in patients with severe wear: A prospective clinical study.

Statement Of Problem: Long-term clinical data are lacking on the comparative survival of adhesively luted lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in patients with severe wear and the effect that different clinical variables have on their survival.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the 14-year survival of pressed e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in patients with severe wear and to evaluate associated clinical parameters.

Incidence of endodontic therapy after complete or partial coverage glass-ceramic restorations with a follow-up time of over 30 years: A prospective clinical study.

Statement Of Problem: Long-term clinical data are lacking on the comparison of the incidence of endodontic therapy in adhesively luted complete and partial coverage glass-ceramic restorations, as well as on the effect of technique and clinical variables.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to assess the long-term incidence of teeth requiring endodontic therapy after receiving either complete or partial coverage glass-ceramic restorations.

Material And Methods: Participants requiring single anterior complete, posterior complete, or posterior partial (inlay or onlay) coverage restoration, or a combination of these on a vital tooth were recruited from a clinical private practice.

Novel speed sintered zirconia by microwave technology.

Objective: Continuous efforts have been made to hasten the zirconia densification process without compromising properties. This study evaluated the long-term structural durability of microwave speed-sintered zirconia (MWZ) relative to a conventionally sintered zirconia (CZ).

Methods: As-machined dental 3Y-TZP discs (Ø12 × 1.

10.9-year survival of pressed acid etched monolithic e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic partial coverage restorations: Performance and outcomes as a function of tooth position, age, sex, and the type of partial coverage restoration (inlay or onlay).

Statement Of Problem: Long-term clinical data on the survival of pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic when used with partial coverage restorations and the effect that different technical and clinical variables have on survival are sparse.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the 10.9-year survival of pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic partial coverage restorations and associated clinical parameters on outcomes.

Comparison of 16.9-year survival of pressed acid etched e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in posterior teeth: Performance and outcomes as a function of tooth position, age, sex, and thickness of ceramic material.

Statement Of Problem: Long-term clinical data are lacking on the comparison of the survival of adhesively luted pressed e.max lithium disilicate glass-ceramic complete and partial coverage restorations in posterior dentitions and the effect that different technical and clinical variables have on their survival.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to examine and compare the 16.

Effect of indenter material on reliability of all-ceramic crowns.

Objectives: Controversy exists about whether the elastic modulus (E) mismatch between the loading indenter and ceramic materials influences fatigue testing results. The research hypotheses were that for porcelain veneered Y-TZP crowns 1) A low modulus Steatite indenter (SB) leads to higher fatigue reliability compared to a high modulus tungsten carbide indenter (WC); 2) Different surface damage patterns are expected between low and high modulus indenters after sliding contact fatigue testing. All ceramic crowns will exhibit similar step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) contact fatigue reliability (hypothesis 1) and failure characteristics (hypothesis 2) when using high stiffness tungsten carbide (WC, E = 600 GPa) vs.

Resistance of bonded premolars to four artificial ageing models post enamel conditioning with a novel calcium-phosphate paste.

Background: This study compares a novel calcium-phosphate etchant paste to conventional 37% phosphoric acid gel for bonding metal and ceramic brackets by evaluating the shear bond strength, remnant adhesive and enamel damage following water storage, acid challenge and fatigue loading.

Material And Methods: Metal and ceramic brackets were bonded to 240 extracted human premolars using two enamel conditioning protocols: conventional 37% phosphoric acid (PA) gel (control), and an acidic calcium-phosphate (CaP) paste. The CaP paste was prepared from β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate powders mixed with 37% phosphoric acid solution, and the resulting phase was confirmed using FTIR.

bond strengths post thermal and fatigue load cycling of sapphire brackets bonded with self-etch primer and evaluation of enamel damage.

Background: This study compares a self-etch primer (SEP) to an etch-and-rinse (EaR) for bonding sapphire brackets by evaluation of the enamel etch-pattern, shear bond strength, amount of remnant adhesive and enamel surface damage following thermal and fatigue cyclic loading.

Material And Methods: Ceramic (sapphire) brackets were bonded to 80 extracted human premolars using two enamel etching protocols: conventional EaR using 37% phosphoric acid (PA) gel (control), and a SEP (Transbond Plus). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups (n=20 teeth) according to the time of bracket debonding: after 24 h water storage or following 5000 thermo-cycles plus 5000 cycles fatigue loading, to determine the shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI score), with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluation of enamel condition.

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Different Surface Treatments of a Hybrid Ceramic on the Microtensile Bond Strength to a Luting Resin Cement.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different surface treatments of a hybrid ceramic, Vita Enamic, on the micro-tensile bond strength (µ-TBS) to resin cement. Ten blocks (3×10×8 mm) were retrieved from the original blocks and divided into 5 groups according to the different surface treatments performed: Groups 1: 35% acid phosphoric for 60 seconds (PA); group 2: Sandblasting with 50 µm Al O particles for 10 seconds (SB); groups 3: 9.5% hydrofluoric acid for 60 seconds (HF), group 4: The Er:YAG laser (2 W, 10 Hz) (ER1), group 5: The Er:YAG laser (3 W, 10 Hz) (ER2).

The tooth: An analogue for biomimetic materials design and processing.

Objective: Overview the development of human tooth; enamel, dentoenamel junction and dentin in regard to hierarchical structure property relationships and how these component structures can serve as templates for the design of tough materials.

Methods: The dental, engineering and ceramic literature (PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar) covering the last 20years was over viewed regarding enamel and dentin characterization, structure-property studies, as well as, publications related to bioinspired materials with relationship to tooth structure. Relevant publications were selected for inclusion.

Ten-year survival of pressed, acid-etched e.max lithium disilicate monolithic and bilayered complete-coverage restorations: Performance and outcomes as a function of tooth position and age.

Statement Of Problem: Long-term clinical data on the survival of pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic restorations and the effect that different technical and clinical variables have on survival are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to examine the 10-year survival of pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic restorations and the relationship between clinical parameters on outcomes.

Material And Methods: Five hundred and fifty-six patients, ranging in age from 17 to 97 years, from a private clinical practice were enrolled.

In vitro fatigue tests and in silico finite element analysis of dental implants with different fixture/abutment joint types using computer-aided design models.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate fatigue resistance of dental fixtures with two different fixture-abutment connections by in vitro fatigue testing and in silico three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA) using original computer-aided design (CAD) models.

Methods: Dental implant fixtures with external connection (EX) or internal connection (IN) abutments were fabricated from original CAD models using grade IV titanium and step-stress accelerated life testing was performed. Fatigue cycles and loads were assessed by Weibull analysis, and fatigue cracking was observed by micro-computed tomography and a stereomicroscope with high dynamic range software.

Whence the Maryland Bridge? The evolution of the adhesive bridge.

The evolution of the adhesive bridge technique from perforated retainers in the anterior to its application in the posterior and how this led to development of methods to bond directly to metal are detailed below. The parallel nature of bonded bridges evolution in the US and Japan are noted.

Opioid, NSAID, and OTC Analgesic Medications for Dental Procedures: PEARL Network Findings.

Objective: Dental treatment is often categorized as a moderately or severely painful experience; however, no clinical data reported by the patient and dentist currently exists to support this degree of pain. This has contributed possibly to the overprescribing of analgesics, in particular the opioid class of medications. The primary objective of the study was to document the dentists' postprocedural prescriptions and recommendations for analgesic medications and their effectiveness for a 5-day period.

Short- and Long-term Evaluation of Dentin-Resin Interfaces Formed by Etch-and-Rinse Adhesives on Plasma-treated Dentin.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) treatment on the microtensile dentin bond strength of two etch-and-rinse adhesive systems, after one week and one year of water storage, and additionally to observe the micromorphology of resin/dentin interfaces under scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).

Materials And Methods: The occlusal enamel was removed from third human molars to expose a flat dentin surface. The teeth were then randomly divided into six groups (n = 7), according to two adhesives (Optibond FL and XP-Bond) and three APP treatments (untreated dentin [control], APP application before or after acid etching).

A pilot study of dentists' assessment of caries detection and staging systems applied to early caries: PEARL Network findings.

The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) and the Caries Classification System (CCS) are caries stage description systems proposed for adoption into clinical practice. This pilot study investigated clinicians' training in and use of these systems for detection of early caries and recommendations for individual tooth treatment. Patient participants (N = 8) with a range of noncavitated lesions (CCS ranks 2 and 4 and ICDAS II ranks 2-4) identified by a team of calibrated examiners were recruited from the New York University College of Dentistry clinic.

Reliability and Failure Modes of a Hybrid Ceramic Abutment Prototype.

Purpose: A ceramic and metal abutment prototype was fatigue tested to determine the probability of survival at various loads.

Materials And Methods: Lithium disilicate CAD-milled abutments (n = 24) were cemented to titanium sleeve inserts and then screw attached to titanium fixtures. The assembly was then embedded at a 30° angle in polymethylmethacrylate.

Fatigue resistance of CAD/CAM resin composite molar crowns.

Objective: To demonstrate the fatigue behavior of CAD/CAM resin composite molar crowns using a mouth-motion step-stress fatigue test. Monolithic leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns were used as a reference.

Methods: Fully anatomically shaped monolithic resin composite molar crowns (Lava Ultimate, n=24) and leucite reinforced glass-ceramic crowns (IPS Empress CAD, n=24) were fabricated using CAD/CAM systems.

Long-term Adhesion Study of Self-etching Systems to Plasma-treated Dentin.

Purpose: To determine the influence of atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) treatment on the microtensile dentin bond strength of two self-etching adhesive systems after one year of water storage as well as observe the contact angle changes of dentin treated with plasma and the micromorphology of resin/dentin interfaces using SEM.

Materials And Methods: For contact angle measurements, 6 human molars were sectioned to remove the occlusal enamel surface, embedded in PMMA resin, and ground to expose a flat dentin surface. Teeth were divided into two groups: 1) argon APP treatment for 30 s, and 2) blown air (control).

Case Presentations Demonstrating Periodontal Treatment Variation: PEARL Network.

Background: Variation in periodontal terminology can affect the diagnosis and treatment plan as assessed by practicing general dentists in the Practitioners Engaged in Applied Research and Learning (PEARL) Network. General dentists participating in the PEARL Network are highly screened, credentialed, and qualified and may not be representative of the general population of dentists.

Methods: Ten randomized case presentations ranging from periodontal health to gingivitis, to mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis were randomly presented to respondents.

A new classification system for all-ceramic and ceramic-like restorative materials.

Classification systems for all-ceramic materials are useful for communication and educational purposes and warrant continuous revisions and updates to incorporate new materials. This article proposes a classification system for ceramic and ceramic-like restorative materials in an attempt to systematize and include a new class of materials. This new classification system categorizes ceramic restorative materials into three families: (1) glass-matrix ceramics, (2) polycrystalline ceramics, and (3) resin-matrix ceramics.

Reliability and failure modes of two Y-TZP abutment designs.

Fracture strength and accelerated fatigue reliability of two zirconia abutment systems were tested. Thirty-six implants with a Morse taper (MT; n = 18) or cone (C; n = 18) design were restored with metallic crowns. Loads were applied as single load to failure (SLF) or mouth-motion cycles using a step-stress accelerated life testing (SALT) method.

Slow cooling protocol improves fatigue life of zirconia crowns.

Objective: To compare the fatigue life and damage modes of zirconia crowns fabricated with and without framework design modification when porcelain veneered using a fast or slow cooling protocol.

Methods: Composite resin replicas of a first molar full crown preparation were fabricated. Zirconia copings were milled as conventional (0.