Antioxidant defense system, immune response and erythron profile modulation in gold fish, Carassius auratus, after acute manganese treatment.

The manganese contamination has become a global problem, recently, because it is perceived as a real threat to the human health and the environment. It is well-known that overexposure to Mn may have negative physiological effects on fish and other organisms inhabiting heavy metal polluted waters. To the best of our knowledge, studies relating with manganese effects on fish antioxidant enzyme response in the blood, immunocompetence and erythron profile alteration, are scarce.

Optimization of DNA concentration to amplify short tandem repeats of human genomic DNA.

Analysis of the length polymorphisms of short tandem repeats (STR) loci in the human genome has become a standard approach for comparative genotyping in many areas including disease research and diagnostics, parentage assessment, investigations of human diversity, and forensic science. The purpose of this study is to optimize the DNA concentration in ng/10 µL for amplification of DNA markers. AmpFlSTR Identifiler Kit is used to amplify STR markers and capillary electrophoresis is used to analyze DNA profile of human the genome.