Association of Cholangiocarcinoma among People with Periductal Fibrosis.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly fatal tumor, and the most favorable chance for long-term survival lies in curative resection. Periductal fibrosis (PDF), a precancerous condition associated with chronic inflammation of the bile ducts, can serve as a screening marker for CCA using hepatobiliary ultrasonography (US). However, limited studies have explored the relationship between PDF and CCA.

New Imaging Techniques.

The chapter discusses the advancement of new imaging techniques, the role of imaging in CCA diagnosis, anatomical and morphological classification, ultrasound screening of CCA, ultrasound findings of MF-CCA, PI-CCA, ID-CCA, the use of CT in CCA diagnosis, staging and treatment planning, CT volumetry and estimation of future liver remnant, post-treatment follow-up and surveillance, MRI imaging, Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/CT, limitations to contrast studies and resolution, internal receivers for CCA imaging, and in vitro imaging of CCA.

BiTNet: Hybrid deep convolutional model for ultrasound image analysis of human biliary tract and its applications.

Certain life-threatening abnormalities, such as cholangiocarcinoma, in the human biliary tract are curable if detected at an early stage, and ultrasonography has been proven to be an effective tool for identifying them. However, the diagnosis often requires a second opinion from experienced radiologists, who are usually overwhelmed by many cases. Therefore, we propose a deep convolutional neural network model, named biliary tract network (BiTNet), developed to solve problems in the current screening system and to avoid overconfidence issues of traditional deep convolutional neural networks.

Survival after surgery among patients with cholangiocarcinoma in Northeast Thailand according to anatomical and morphological classification.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been categorized based on tumor location as intrahepatic (ICCA), perihilar (PCCA) or distal (DCCA), and based on the morphology of the tumor of the bile duct as mass forming (MF), periductal infiltrating (PI) or intraductal (ID). To date, there is limited evidence available regarding the survival of CCA among these different anatomical and morphological classifications. This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and median survival time after curative surgery among CCA patients according to their anatomical and morphological classifications, and to determine the association between these classifications and survival.

A comparison of the proportion of early stage cholangiocarcinoma found in an ultrasound-screening program compared to walk-in patients.

Background: Patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) usually have no specific symptoms until an advance stage of the disease and curative treatment is not possible. Patients with early stage, operable disease can be found using ultrasonography (US). A US-screening program was implemented in Thailand where CCA incidence is the highest worldwide.

Teleconsultation ultrasonography: a new weapon to combat cholangiocarcinoma.

Although cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is usually a rare cancer, in northeast Thailand it kills 20 000 or more people every year. The prognosis is very poor owing to late stage diagnosis, with palliative treatment often representing the only option. In this area of predominantly rural Thailand, CCA is associated with infection with the liver fluke, , which is classified as a group 1 carcinogen.

Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.

Background: There are few studies regarding the characteristics of mediastinal lymphadenopathy (MN) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Understanding its features could help radiologists interpret lung imaging more confidently.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of MLN in patients with SSc and factors associated with MLN.

Quality Assessment of Research Articles in Nuclear Medicine Using STARD and QUADAS-2 Tools.

Objectives: Diagnostic nuclear medicine is being increasingly employed in clinical practice with the advent of new technologies and radiopharmaceuticals. The report of the prevalence of a certain disease is important for assessing the quality of that article. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the quality of published nuclear medicine articles and determine the frequency of reporting the prevalence of studied diseases.

Histological confirmation of periductal fibrosis from ultrasound diagnosis in cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has no specific clinical signs and symptoms and non-specific bio- and tumor-markers in the early disease stage. Usually patients present to tertiary care with advanced disease stage. In order to detect early cases of CCA that may present as a mass, dilatation of intrahepatic duct or combination, ultrasonography is accepted as a powerful imaging tool.

Sonographic findings of hepatocellular carcinoma detected in ultrasound surveillance of cirrhotic patients.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with high mortality. Patients with hepatitis B or C viral cirrhosis have an increased risk of developing HCC. Ultrasound is the most widely used screening method, and is recommended by many guidelines.

Postsurgical high flow priapism treated by transarterial embolizaton: a case report.

The authors report a case of painful priapism, caused by iatrogenic arterial injury from endoscopic internal urethrotomy procedure for stricture urethra, which increased blood circulation in the penis. On physical examination, there was sustained erection, turgid corpora, swelling of penis and prepuce and tenderness at the perineal area. Bilateral selective internal iliac angiograms showed a prominent right internal pudendal artery and deep penile artery terminating in an arterio-sinusoidal fistula.

Computed tomographic appearances of colorectal liver metastases.

Background: There are various computed tomographic appearances of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, but there is little data in Thailand.

Material And Method: This was a retrospective, descriptive study of the CT appearances of 21 patients diagnosed with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer in Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, between January 2003 and December 2007. All of the patients were examined in the portovenous phases.

Comparison of clinical success between CT-guided percutaneous drainage and open surgical drainage of intra-abdominal fluid collection in Srinagarind Hospital.

Background: Treatment outcome of intra-abdominal fluid collections has improved over the recent decades due to advancement in surgical techniques as well as development of computed tomography (CT) guided percutaneous interventional techniques.

Objective: To compare clinical success of CT-guided percutaneous drainage with open surgical drainage of intra-abdominal fluid collections in Srinagarind hospital.

Material And Method: The records and images of all patients undergone CT-guided percutaneous drainage (CT-PCD) or open surgical drainage (OSD) from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed.

Computerized tomographic findings of hepatic fascioliasis compared with melioidosis-caused liver abscesses.

Objective: To compare the computerized tomographic (CT) findings of hepatic fascioliasis (HF) vs. melioidosis-caused liver (ML) abscesses.

Material And Method: CT images of 15 patients with hepatic fascioliasis (HF) and 16 patients with melioidosis-caused liver (ML) abscesses were retrospectively reviewed.

Comparison of computed tomographic finding of the intraductal and periductal cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: To compare the CT findings of the intraductal and periductal cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in Srinagarind Hospital.

Material And Method: The authors retrospectively reviewed the abdominal CT images (taken between January 2004 and December 2005) of 60 patients with pathologicalproof of CCA. There were 34 and 26 cases of the intraductal and periductal CCA, respectively.

CT findings of liver and splenic abscesses in melioidosis: comparison with those in non-melioidosis.

Objective: To compare the CT findings of liver and splenic abscesses in melioidosis (ML) with non-melioidosis (NML).

Material And Method: CT (computed tomography) images of 47 patients with liver and splenic abscesses were retrospectively reviewed. The 28 patients with ML abscesses and 19 with NML abscesses were recruited into the present study.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: computed tomographic features.

Objective: To describe anatomical distribution and CT findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Srinagarind Hospital.

Material And Method: The abdominal CT images of 16 patients (12 men, 4 women: mean age 49 +/- 17SD) with pathologically proven GISTs during 1998-2005 were retrospectively reviewed. The tumor sites, sizes, borders, growth patterns, patterns of enhancement, and sign of malignancy were evaluated.

Adequacy and complications of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy: a study of 334 cases in Srinagarind Hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the adequacy and complications of automated biopsy gun under CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy.

Material And Method: The medical records, radiological records, and images of 334 patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsyin Srinagarind Hospital between January 2003 and June 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The biopsies were performed by two groups, radiologists (44 procedures) and residents in training (290 procedures).

Abnormal diffusivity of normal appearing brain tissue in multiple sclerosis: a diffusion-weighted MR imaging study.

Objective: To assess whether water diffusivity in normal appearing brain tissue including white and gray matter of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients shown by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) differs from normal individuals.

Material And Method: Conventional MRI and DWI were performed in 37 multiple sclerosis patients and 31 control subjects, matched for age and sex. Quantitative diffusivity values were obtained from variable locations of normal appearing white and gray matter from both hemispheres by using a standardized region of interest template.

Helical CT assessment on hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison value of arterial phase and portovenous phase correlation.

Objective: To study the correlation between the findings of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in hepatic arterial phase and portal venous phase. Attention will focus on whether the arterial phase imaging shows more detail than portal phase imaging.

Material And Method: Descriptive study design with retrospective data collection in Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University.

Ultrasound screening for Opisthorchis viverrini-associated cholangiocarcinomas: experience in an endemic area.

In Thailand, liver cancer is the most common malignancy in males and the third most common among females. In the Northeast region, cholangiocarcinoma (CHCA) is the prevalent type, with Opisthorchis viverrini (OV), an endemic liver fluke, being considered the cause. We evaluated the role of ultrasound (U/S) for cholangiocarcinoma screening as part of a larger cohort to characterize the linkage between liver fluke infestation and CHCA in Khon Kaen (Northeast Thailand).

Selective transcatheter embolization for treatment of post-traumatic hepatic artery and portal vein pseudoaneurysms.

The authors report a case of post-traumatic hepatic artery and portal vein pseudoaneurysms caused by blunt abdominal trauma, with multiple organ injuries including liver laceration. Abdominal spiral CT, CDS and DSA were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Both pseudoaneurysms were treated successfully with selective transcatheter embolization.

ADC measurements in various patterns of multiple sclerosis lesions.

Objective: To determine the difference of mean apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) among different patterns of focal multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, to compare mean lesion ADC between 2 clinical subgroups and to correlate mean lesion ADC with disability.

Material And Method: Thirty seven patients (26 with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and 11 with secondary-progressive MS) underwent both conventional and diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the brain. After creating ADC maps, region identification was done by using b = 0 images and T2-weighted images.

Prostatic abscesses: radiographic findings and treatment.

Objective: To analyze the medical images and therapeutic strategies in patients with prostatic abscesses.

Method: From April 1999 to August 2002, 12 patients with prostatic abscesses at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand were reviewed The average age was 47 years (range 29 to 75). Diagnostic procedures included analysis of midstream urine, abscess fluid for pathogens and medical imaging with TRUS, CT and MRI.