Biomechanical properties of non-flight vibrations produced by bees.

Bees use thoracic vibrations produced by their indirect flight muscles for powering wingbeats in flight, but also during mating, pollination, defence and nest building. Previous work on non-flight vibrations has mostly focused on acoustic (airborne vibrations) and spectral properties (frequency domain). However, mechanical properties such as the vibration's acceleration amplitude are important in some behaviours, e.

Comparative proteomic analysis of the hemolymph and salivary glands of Rhodnius prolixus and R. colombiensis reveals candidates associated with differential lytic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi Dm28c and T. cruzi Y.

Background: Immune response of triatomines plays an important role in the success or failure of transmission of T. cruzi. Studies on parasite-vector interaction have shown the presence of trypanolytic factors and have been observed to be differentially expressed among triatomines, which affects the transmission of some T.

High-throughput analysis of the Trypanosoma cruzi minicirculome (mcDNA) unveils structural variation and functional diversity.

Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease and has a unique extranuclear genome enclosed in a structure called the kinetoplast, which contains circular genomes known as maxi- and minicircles. While the structure and function of maxicircles are well-understood, many aspects of minicircles remain to be discovered. Here, we performed a high-throughput analysis of the minicirculome (mcDNA) in 50 clones isolated from Colombia's diverse T.

Enhancing Trypanosomatid Identification and Genotyping with Oxford Nanopore Sequencing: Development and Validation of an 18S rRNA Amplicon-Based Method.

Trypanosomatids, including Trypanosoma and Leishmania species, present significant medical and veterinary challenges, causing substantial economic losses, health complications, and even fatalities. Diagnosing and genotyping these species and their genotypes is often complex, involving multiple steps. This study aimed to develop an amplicon-based sequencing (ABS) method using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing to enhance Trypanosomatid detection and genotyping.

A phased genome assembly of a Colombian Trypanosoma cruzi TcI strain and the evolution of gene families.

Chagas is an endemic disease in tropical regions of Latin America, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. High intraspecies variability and genome complexity have been challenges to assemble high quality genomes needed for studies in evolution, population genomics, diagnosis and drug development. Here we present a chromosome-level phased assembly of a TcI T.

Aedes albopictus distribution in Ibagué, Colombia: Potential risk of arboviral outbreaks.

Introduction: Aedes albopictus is a vector for arboviruses, such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. The first A. albopictus reports on the American continent date back to 1985.

Multivariate analysis of covariance for heterogeneous and incomplete data.

This article discusses the robustness of the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test for an emergent variable system and proposes a modification of this test to obtain adequate information from heterogeneous normal observations. The proposed approach for testing potential effects in heterogeneous MANCOVA models can be adopted effectively, regardless of the degree of heterogeneity and sample size imbalance. As our method was not designed to handle missing values, we also show how to derive the formulas for pooling the results of multiple-imputation-based analyses into a single final estimate.

Parasite Burdens of Several Triatomine Species in Colombia.

, the causal agent of Chagas disease, is mainly transmitted by insects of the Triatominae subfamily. In Colombia, there are 26 triatomine species, and 16 of them are naturally infected with the parasite. The parasite loads of naturally infected vectors can be significant in targeting specific species that can affect the epidemiology of the disease.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome From Oxcarbazepine and Topiramate Withdrawal: An Unusual Case.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare, but fatal adverse reaction that is most commonly seen with typical antipsychotic medications. However, NMS can also be triggered by other dopamine-modulating agents that physicians are unlikely aware of, leading to being underdiagnosed or precluding early recognition of the syndrome. We describe a case involving a 20-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and failure to thrive.

Sexual dimorphism in spatial learning and brain metabolism after exposure to a western diet and early life stress in rats.

Prolonged daily intake of Western-type diet rich in saturated fats and sugars, and exposure to early life stress have been independently linked to impaired neurodevelopment and behaviour in animal models. However, sex-specific effects of both environmental factors combined on spatial learning and memory, behavioural flexibility, and brain oxidative capacity have still not been addressed. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of maternal and postnatal exposure to a high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFS), and exposure to early life stress by maternal separation in adult male and female Wistar rats.

Genome plasticity driven by aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity in .

the causative agent of Chagas disease shows a marked genetic diversity and divided into at least six Discrete Typing Units (DTUs). High intra genetic variability has been observed in the TcI DTU, the most widely distributed DTU, where patterns of genomic diversity can provide information on ecological and evolutionary processes driving parasite population structure and genome organization. Chromosomal aneuploidies and rearrangements across multigene families represent an evidence of genome plasticity.

Short and Long-Term Effects on Academic Performance of a School-Based Training in Self-Regulation Learning: A Three-Level Experimental Study.

An experimental study was designed to analyze the effect of school-based training in self-regulation learning strategies on academic performance (Mathematics, Sciences, Language, and English). Class-level variables (i.e.

Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in meat for human consumption in Ibague, Colombia.

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite with great zoonotic potential. It can infect a broad range of warm-blooded hosts (including livestock) and causes significant losses in the industry. In humans, it has been described as a pathogen in immunosuppressed people, it affects the fetus development in congenital infections, and is associated with various behavioral disorders in healthy people.

Could Aspirin Treatment Modify the Assessment of the Uterine Arteries?

Objective:  To analyze whether acetylsalicylic (ASA) intake modifies the mean uterine arteries pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at the 2 or 3 trimester in a cohort of pregnant women with abnormal mean UtA-PI at between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation.

Methods:  This is a retrospective cohort study. Singleton pregnancies with abnormal mean UtA-PI at between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation were studied.

Chromatin topology defines estradiol-primed progesterone receptor and PAX2 binding in endometrial cancer cells.

Estrogen (E2) and Progesterone (Pg), via their specific receptors (ERalpha and PR), are major determinants in the development and progression of endometrial carcinomas, However, their precise mechanism of action and the role of other transcription factors involved are not entirely clear. Using Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells, we report that E2 treatment exposes a set of progestin-dependent PR binding sites which include both E2 and progestin target genes. ChIP-seq results from hormone-treated cells revealed a non-random distribution of PAX2 binding in the vicinity of these estrogen-promoted PR sites.

Influence of the Gap between Substrates in the Laser-Induced Transference of High-Viscosity Pastes.

Laser-induced forward transfer for high-viscosity-of Pa·s-pastes differ from standard LIFT processes in its dynamics. In most techniques, the transference after setting a great gap does not modify the shape acquired by the fluid, so it stretches until it breaks into droplets. In contrast, there is no transferred material when the gap is bigger than three times the paste thickness in LIFT for high-viscosity pastes, and only a spray is observed on the acceptor using this configuration.

Maxicircle architecture and evolutionary insights into Trypanosoma cruzi complex.

We sequenced maxicircles from T. cruzi strains representative of the species evolutionary diversity by using long-read sequencing, which allowed us to uncollapse their repetitive regions, finding that their real lengths range from 35 to 50 kb. T.

Antiproteinuric action of amiloride in paediatric patient with corticoresistant nephrotic syndrome.

Introduccion: In nephrotic syndrome, increased podocyturia accompanies pathologic proteinuria. The therapeutic regimen with enalapril, losartan and amiloride could reduce both variables.

Objetives: Evaluate the anti-proteinuric effect of 2 non-immunological therapeutic regimens, the quantitative relationship between podocyturia and proteinuria.

Antiproteinuric action of amiloride in paediatric patient with corticoresistant nephrotic syndrome.

Introduccion: In nephrotic syndrome, increased podocyturia accompanies pathologic proteinuria. The therapeutic regimen with enalapril, losartan and amiloride could reduce both variables.

Objetives: Evaluate the anti-proteinuric effect of 2 non-immunological therapeutic regimens, the quantitative relationship between podocyturia and proteinuria.

Systematic review on the biology, ecology, genetic diversity and parasite transmission potential of Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille 1811) in Latin America.

Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille, 1811) is the triatomine with the largest geographic distribution in Latin America. It has been reported in 18 countries from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, including the Caribbean islands. Although most reports indicate that P.

Hemodynamic Assay of Hind Limb in Multiple Animal Models.

Introduction: Measuring hemodynamic characteristics of injured limbs is paramount to early identification of potentially damaging ischemic conditions, but can often prove difficult attributable to a multitude of factors. Here, we present an in vivo optical imaging technique to characterize pulsatile blood flow quality through the distal extremity in multiple animal models that replicate the signs of distal extremity ischemia. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of the optical imaging technique and relevance to hemodynamic complications such as acute compartment syndrome (ACS) and nonobvious hemorrhage.

Combination rules for homoscedastic and heteroscedastic MANOVA models from multiply imputed datasets.

Classical MANOVA tests do not pose any difficulty when the assumptions on which they are based are satisfied, while the modified Brown-Forsythe (MBF) procedure has low sensitivity to the lack of multivariate normality and homogeneity of covariance matrices. Both methods assume complete data for all subjects. In this paper, we present combination rules for the MANOVA and MBF procedures with multiply imputed datasets.

Transcriptional remodeling during metacyclogenesis in I.

Metacyclogenesis is one of the most important processes in the life cycle of . In this stage, noninfective epimastigotes become infective metacyclic trypomastigotes. However, the transcriptomic changes that occur during this transformation remain uncertain.

Sensitivity of five information criteria to discriminate covariance structures with missing data in repeated measures designs.

Backgrounds: This study analyzes the effectiveness of different information criteria for the selection of covariance structures, extending it to different missing data mechanisms, the maintenance and adjustment of the mean structures, and matrices.

Method: The Monte Carlo method was used with 1,000 simulations, SAS 9.4 statistical software and a partially repeated measures design (p=2; q=5).