Strict versus Liberal Use of Sentinel Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Surgery: Any Clinical Outcome Differences? A 20-Year Clinical Experience.

Introduction: As applied to early breast cancer (BC) patients, sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has undergone major changes over the years, especially concerning the widening of indication criteria or skipping systematic axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) after a positive SN. We aimed to ascertain whether a strict versus a more liberal use of SNB resulted in different clinical outcomes in our clinical experience.

Methods: We studied consecutive BC patients undergoing SNB between January 1, 2000, and March 31, 2020.

Intraoperative Sentinel Node Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy as a Substitute for Whole Sentinel Node Excisional Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients. Initial Report.

Introduction: Sentinel Node Biopsy (SNB) is the choice procedure for axillary staging in Breast Cancer. Following the ACOSOG Z11 trial, axillary dissection is advised only in patients with more than 2 positive SNs. We aimed at exploring palpation-guided, intraoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the SN as a replacement for whole SN excision in node-negative BC patients to minimize side-effects.

Clinico-pathologic factors associated with the occurrence of early and late metastatic spread in a cohort of breast cancer patients.

Background And Objective: Distant metastatic spread in breast cancer patients is a complex phenomenon involving several prognostic factors. We focused our analysis on early metastatic breast cancer (EMBC) (occurring during the first 36 months) versus late metastatic breast cancer (LMBC) (occurring beyond 3 years) in order to ascertain their possible differential predictive factors.

Methods: diagnostic, surgical, and follow-up data were assessed for consecutive patients with breast cancer undergoing surgery between 1997 and 2019.

A multiphase texture-based model of active contours assisted by a convolutional neural network for automatic CT and MRI heart ventricle segmentation.

Background: Left and right ventricle automatic segmentation remains one of the more important tasks in computed aided diagnosis. Active contours have shown to be efficient for this task, however they often require user interaction to provide the initial position, which drives the tool substantially dependent on a prior knowledge and a manual process.

Methods: We propose to overcome this limitation with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to reach the assumed target locations.

Pregnancy outcomes after ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) for conservative treatment of uterine fibroids: experience of a single institution.

Objective: To assess the impact of ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) ablation for uterine fibroids on fertility.

Material And Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted of 560 reproductive-age women with symptomatic uterine fibroids who underwent USgHIFU therapy at Mútua Terrassa University Hospital, Spain, between February 2008 and February 2018. We analyzed pregnancy outcomes including time to conception, pregnancy approach, gestational age, delivery mode, neonatal outcomes and complications during pregnancy and delivery.

Clinical utility of two-phase computed tomography angiography for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects related to acute coronary syndrome in patients with acute chest pain: a case series.

Background: Evaluation of acute chest pain (ACP) in the emergency department is a major health issue and differential diagnosis remains challenging for the physician, particularly in patients with atypical symptoms and inconclusive changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) or biomarkers levels.

Case Summary: We present the potential value of the two-phase computed tomography angiography (TP-CTA) imaging protocol done in six different patients evaluated with ACP and underwent non-gated or gated computed tomography angiography (CTA) to exclude pulmonary embolism (PE), acute aortic syndrome (AAS), or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). All patients had new-onset chest pain and atypical clinical presentation with non-diagnostic ECG and initially negative or near-normal cardiac biomarkers.

3D Hermite Transform Optical Flow Estimation inLeft Ventricle CT Sequences.

Heart diseases are the most important causes of death in the world and over the years, thestudy of cardiac movement has been carried out mainly in two dimensions, however, it is important toconsider that the deformations due to the movement of the heart occur in a three-dimensional space.The 3D + t analysis allows to describe most of the motions of the heart, for example, the twistingmotion that takes place on every beat cycle that allows us identifying abnormalities of the heartwalls. Therefore, it is necessary to develop algorithms that help specialists understand the cardiacmovement.

Giant aneurysm of the right coronary artery, report of a case and review of the literature.

Coronary artery aneurysms are described as a localized dilatation that exceeds the normal diameter by 1.5 times. This is a rare condition; its incidence varies from 0.

Benchmarking machine learning models for late-onset alzheimer's disease prediction from genomic data.

Background: Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD) is a leading form of dementia. There is no effective cure for LOAD, leaving the treatment efforts to depend on preventive cognitive therapies, which stand to benefit from the timely estimation of the risk of developing the disease. Fortunately, a growing number of Machine Learning methods that are well positioned to address this challenge are becoming available.

Estado actual y perspectivas de la imagen molecular PET en México.

Positron-emission tomography (PET) is a medical diagnostic technique by means of which functional images are obtained by recording the spatio-temporal biodistribution of specific radiopharmaceuticals targeted at specific molecular objectives, which provides biochemical information at the molecular level. Early in the first decade of this 21 century, the Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico acquired the technology to implement this diagnostic technique in Mexico, thus becoming a pioneer in PET applications in the country and in Latin America. Almost two decades after its implementation in Mexico, PET has become an essential tool in medical clinics.

Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumour of the Breast Mimicking a Benign Tumor.

Solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) of the breast is exceedingly uncommon. Radiological assessment usually shows benign features. We report on a case of malignant SFT of the breast, while emphasizing the need for additional immunostains to reach a definitive diagnosis.

Detecting Clustered Independent Rare Variant Associations Using Genetic Algorithms.

The availability of an increasing collection of sequencing data provides the opportunity to study genetic variation with an unprecedented level of detail. There is much interest in uncovering the role of rare variants and their contribution to disease. However, detecting associations of rare variants with small minor allele frequencies (MAF) and modest effects remains a challenge for rare variant association methods.

Changes to the dissociation barrier of H due to buckling induced by a chemisorbed hydrogen on a doped graphene surface.

An effectiveway of enhancing hydrogen storage on adsorbent materials can be induced by the hydrogen spill-over mechanism, although to date there is no general consensus which satisfactorily explains the mechanism. In this work, a possible reaction path to explain hydrogen adsorption is shown. Density-functional calculations were used to study the dissociation of molecular hydrogen near to a stressed region, as a consequence of chemisorbed hydrogen at the graphene-nitrogen surface.

A logistic regression model predicting high axillary tumour burden in early breast cancer patients.

Purpose: As elective axillary dissection is loosing ground for early breast cancer (BC) patients both in terms of prognostic and therapeutic power, there is a growing interest in predicting patients with (nodal) high tumour burden (HTB), especially after a positive sentinel node biopsy (SNB) because they would really benefit from further axillary intervention either by complete lymph-node dissection or axillary radiation therapy.

Methods/patients: Based on an analysis of 1254 BC patients in whom complete axillary clearance was performed, we devised a logistic regression (LR) model to predict those with HTB, as defined by the presence of three or more involved nodes with macrometastasis. This was accomplished through prior selection of every variable associated with HTB at univariate analysis.

Left ventricle Hermite-based segmentation.

In recent years, computed tomography (CT) has become a standard technique in cardiac imaging because it provides detailed information that may facilitate the diagnosis of the conditions that interfere with correct heart function. However, CT-based cardiac diagnosis requires manual segmentation of heart cavities, which is a difficult and time-consuming task. Thus, in this paper, we propose a novel technique to segment endocardium and epicardium boundaries based on a 2D approach.

Automated Classification of Severity in Cardiac Dyssynchrony Merging Clinical Data and Mechanical Descriptors.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves functional classification among patients with left ventricle malfunction and ventricular electric conduction disorders. However, a high percentage of subjects under CRT (20%-30%) do not show any improvement. Nonetheless the presence of mechanical contraction dyssynchrony in ventricles has been proposed as an indicator of CRT response.