Nonfluoroscopic catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Aims: Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most complex ablation procedures. Both patients and operators are exposed to scattered radiation. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of intracardiac echo (ICE)-guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) without fluoroscopy.