Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome at a tertiary level hospital in Latin America.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common neuroendocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. There is little consensus on the diagnosis of this syndrome, which affects both the number of cases that are diagnosed and the respective consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree to which currently established criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome are followed at a tertiary-level hospital in Colombia.

A composite F-FDG PET/CT and HER2 tissue-based biomarker to predict response to neoadjuvant pertuzumab and trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer (TBCRC026).

Background: Early metabolic change on PET/CT was predictive of response to neoadjuvant trastuzumab/pertuzumab (HP) in TBCRC026. We hypothesized that a composite biomarker incorporating PET/CT and HER2 tissue-based biomarkers could improve biomarker performance.

Methods: 83 patients with estrogen receptor-negative/HER2-positive breast cancer received neoadjuvant HP alone [pathologic complete response (pCR) 22 %].

Oxidation products of proteins in plasma of newborns reflect damage inflicted by O supplementation and correlate with gestational age.

Treatment of neonates, and especially preterm newborns, with supplementary O, can result in oxidative stress and both short- and long-term health complications. Oxidation products formed on proteins, which are the principal targets of reactive species in plasma, can be used to assess damage arising from O therapy. We hypothesized that this may be particularly relevant for preterm neonates.

A pooled analysis evaluating prognostic significance of Residual Cancer Burden in invasive lobular breast cancer.

Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is validated to predict event-free survival (EFS) in breast cancer but has not been studied for invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). We studied patient-level data from a pooled cohort across 12 institutions. Associations between RCB index, class, and EFS were assessed in ILC and non-ILC with mixed effect Cox models and multivariable analyses.

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Loss Following Treatment with Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is currently approved for treating metastatic breast cancer (MBC) which is HER2-positive (immunohistochemistry [IHC] score of 3+ or ISH positivity) or HER2-low (IHC score of 1+ or IHC 2+/ISH negative), as well as for HER2-positive gastric cancer, HER2-mutant lung cancer, and HER2 overexpressing solid tumors. Given the increasing utilization of T-DXd, we sought to determine how HER2 receptor status might change following T-DXd therapy.

Design: We retrospectively reviewed patients with MBC who received T-DXd at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Physical Activity and Dexamethasone for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Preliminary Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and dexamethasone (Dex) when used independently have modest benefits for cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients with advanced cancer. In this study we aimed to determine the feasibility (adherence, safety, and satisfaction) of combining PA with Dex versus PA with placebo (PBO) for CRF, and to explore the effects of PA+Dex and PA+PBO on CRF.

Patients And Methods: In this phase II, randomized, double-blind controlled trial, eligible patients had advanced cancer and a CRF score of ≥4 on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) for fatigue (0-10 scale).

Clinical outcomes of early-stage triple-negative breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to HER2-low status☆.

Background: The impact of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on outcomes in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (eTNBC) is unclear. Using a large, multi-institutional cohort, we evaluated outcomes by HER2 IHC status in patients with eTNBC who received neoadjuvant therapy (NAT).

Patients And Methods: Patients with stage I-III TNBC who received NAT and underwent surgery from January 2016 to June 2019 were identified from three databases.

Feasibility of breast conserving surgery alone in HER2-positive exceptional responders to neoadjuvant systemic therapy.

It is unknown if radiation therapy provides additional benefit among patients who achieve pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST). We sought to assess feasibility of radiation omission after breast conserving surgery in early-stage, node-negative, HER2+ breast cancer patients with pCR after NST. This was a single-arm study of women 30 years and older with cT2N0 disease based on imaging.

Residual Nodal Burden After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in cN1 Breast Cancer Patients with Positive Nodes at Targeted Axillary Dissection.

Background: Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) facilitates nodal staging in cN1 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Completion axillary node dissection (cALND) remains the standard of care for TAD-positive patients. This study investigated factors associated with additional positive nodes at cALND (cALND+) and the impact on the residual cancer burden (RCB).

Adjuvant Trastuzumab Emtansine Versus Paclitaxel Plus Trastuzumab for Stage I Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer: 5-Year Results and Correlative Analyses From ATEMPT.

Purpose: Long-term outcomes of patients with stage I human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) remain undefined, and prognostic predictors represent an unmet need.

Methods: In the ATEMPT phase II trial, patients with stage I centrally confirmed HER2-positive breast cancer were randomly assigned 3:1 to adjuvant T-DM1 for 1 year or paclitaxel plus trastuzumab (TH). Coprimary objectives were to compare the incidence of clinically relevant toxicities between arms and to evaluate invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) with T-DM1.

Phase 2 study of neoadjuvant enzalutamide and paclitaxel for luminal androgen receptor-enriched TNBC: Trial results and insights into "ARness".

Luminal androgen receptor (LAR)-enriched triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a distinct subtype. The efficacy of AR inhibitors and the relevant biomarkers in neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) are yet to be determined. We tested the combination of the AR inhibitor enzalutamide (120 mg daily by mouth) and paclitaxel (80 mg/m weekly intravenously) (ZT) for 12 weeks as NAT for LAR-enriched TNBC.

Patient Interest in Exploring Nonsurgical Treatment Approaches for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: Advances in radiation therapy have enabled the ability to deliver ablative treatments, but there has been limited application of these treatments to early-stage breast cancers with a goal of omitting surgery. The purpose of this study was to explore patient interest in pursuing nonsurgical treatment approaches for their early-stage breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: We conducted a qualitative study involving interviews with 21 patients with early-stage breast cancer who were eligible for participation in a phase 2 clinical trial offering omission of definitive surgery.

Short-Term Biomarker Modulation Study of Dasatinib for Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer Chemoprevention.

Objective: Risk-reducing therapy with selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators and aromatase inhibitors reduce breast cancer risk. However, the effects are limited to ER-positive breast cancer. Therefore, new agents with improved toxicity profiles that reduce the risk in ER-negative breast cancers are urgently needed.