Publications by authors named "Valero V"

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common neuroendocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. There is little consensus on the diagnosis of this syndrome, which affects both the number of cases that are diagnosed and the respective consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree to which currently established criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome are followed at a tertiary-level hospital in Colombia.

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Background: Early metabolic change on PET/CT was predictive of response to neoadjuvant trastuzumab/pertuzumab (HP) in TBCRC026. We hypothesized that a composite biomarker incorporating PET/CT and HER2 tissue-based biomarkers could improve biomarker performance.

Methods: 83 patients with estrogen receptor-negative/HER2-positive breast cancer received neoadjuvant HP alone [pathologic complete response (pCR) 22 %].

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Treatment of neonates, and especially preterm newborns, with supplementary O, can result in oxidative stress and both short- and long-term health complications. Oxidation products formed on proteins, which are the principal targets of reactive species in plasma, can be used to assess damage arising from O therapy. We hypothesized that this may be particularly relevant for preterm neonates.

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Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is validated to predict event-free survival (EFS) in breast cancer but has not been studied for invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). We studied patient-level data from a pooled cohort across 12 institutions. Associations between RCB index, class, and EFS were assessed in ILC and non-ILC with mixed effect Cox models and multivariable analyses.

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Purpose: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is currently approved for treating metastatic breast cancer (MBC) which is HER2-positive (immunohistochemistry [IHC] score of 3+ or ISH positivity) or HER2-low (IHC score of 1+ or IHC 2+/ISH negative), as well as for HER2-positive gastric cancer, HER2-mutant lung cancer, and HER2 overexpressing solid tumors. Given the increasing utilization of T-DXd, we sought to determine how HER2 receptor status might change following T-DXd therapy.

Design: We retrospectively reviewed patients with MBC who received T-DXd at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

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Background: Physical activity (PA) and dexamethasone (Dex) when used independently have modest benefits for cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients with advanced cancer. In this study we aimed to determine the feasibility (adherence, safety, and satisfaction) of combining PA with Dex versus PA with placebo (PBO) for CRF, and to explore the effects of PA+Dex and PA+PBO on CRF.

Patients And Methods: In this phase II, randomized, double-blind controlled trial, eligible patients had advanced cancer and a CRF score of ≥4 on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) for fatigue (0-10 scale).

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Background: The impact of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on outcomes in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (eTNBC) is unclear. Using a large, multi-institutional cohort, we evaluated outcomes by HER2 IHC status in patients with eTNBC who received neoadjuvant therapy (NAT).

Patients And Methods: Patients with stage I-III TNBC who received NAT and underwent surgery from January 2016 to June 2019 were identified from three databases.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the effectiveness of targeted axillary dissection (TAD) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients, focusing on the status of clipped nodes during axillary staging.
  • Out of 680 patients analyzed, 90% had their clipped nodes identified as sentinel lymph nodes (SLN), while 10% were classified as non-SLN, with a significant proportion (60%) of non-SLNs showing metastasis.
  • The findings suggest that when the clipped node is a non-SLN, it often serves as the sole positive node, highlighting the importance of clipping for accurate residual disease assessment and better informing adjuvant therapy decisions.
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  • The study investigates the effectiveness of the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody panitumumab combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel for treating chemotherapy-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients.
  • It included 43 patients who had not sufficiently responded to prior doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide treatment, achieving a combined pathological complete response/residual cancer burden class I rate of 30.2%.
  • The results indicate that panitumumab shows promise as part of neoadjuvant therapy for TNBC, warranting further evaluation in larger clinical trials.
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It is unknown if radiation therapy provides additional benefit among patients who achieve pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST). We sought to assess feasibility of radiation omission after breast conserving surgery in early-stage, node-negative, HER2+ breast cancer patients with pCR after NST. This was a single-arm study of women 30 years and older with cT2N0 disease based on imaging.

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Background: Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) facilitates nodal staging in cN1 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Completion axillary node dissection (cALND) remains the standard of care for TAD-positive patients. This study investigated factors associated with additional positive nodes at cALND (cALND+) and the impact on the residual cancer burden (RCB).

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study compares the time burden of subcutaneous (SC) versus intravenous (IV) drug administration of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in breast cancer patients, aiming to improve their quality of life during treatment.
  • - Results from 22 enrolled patients showed that SC administration significantly reduced the time patients spent in the treatment chair by an average of 61.8 minutes and total treatment experience time by 81.8 minutes compared to IV.
  • - The findings suggest that SC administration not only shortens patient time commitment but also enhances workflow efficiency for healthcare professionals, making the treatment process more manageable for patients.
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  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients often undergo neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) to improve treatment outcomes.
  • A study analyzed multiparametric MRI scans from 163 TNBC patients at different stages of NAST to see if radiomic models could predict the likelihood of achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR).
  • The best predictive model, based on changes in MRI features after two cycles of treatment, showed a strong ability to forecast pCR with high accuracy, indicating that MRI could be useful for early treatment response assessments in TNBC.
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Purpose: Long-term outcomes of patients with stage I human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) remain undefined, and prognostic predictors represent an unmet need.

Methods: In the ATEMPT phase II trial, patients with stage I centrally confirmed HER2-positive breast cancer were randomly assigned 3:1 to adjuvant T-DM1 for 1 year or paclitaxel plus trastuzumab (TH). Coprimary objectives were to compare the incidence of clinically relevant toxicities between arms and to evaluate invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) with T-DM1.

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Luminal androgen receptor (LAR)-enriched triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a distinct subtype. The efficacy of AR inhibitors and the relevant biomarkers in neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) are yet to be determined. We tested the combination of the AR inhibitor enzalutamide (120 mg daily by mouth) and paclitaxel (80 mg/m weekly intravenously) (ZT) for 12 weeks as NAT for LAR-enriched TNBC.

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  • A phase II trial tested the effectiveness of pembrolizumab, an immunotherapy drug, as maintenance treatment for patients with metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer after initial chemotherapy.
  • Out of 43 patients, the study found a 4-month disease control rate of 58.1% and a median progression-free survival of 4.8 months, indicating some success with the treatment.
  • The results suggested that patients with higher T-cell clonality at the start of treatment experienced longer progression-free survival, highlighting the potential importance of this biomarker in predicting treatment outcomes.
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  • The study investigates how the PI3K pathway is altered in different subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), focusing on those with mesenchymal (M) and luminal androgen receptor (LAR) characteristics.
  • Using tumor samples from patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, researchers analyzed alterations in 32 genes related to the PI3K pathway, finding significant differences in gene alterations across seven TNBC subtypes.
  • Results indicated that LAR subtype had the highest incidence of pathway alterations and that these alterations may influence treatment responses, suggesting that targeted therapies could benefit patients with M and LAR TNBC.
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  • The study investigates the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess treatment response in women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) undergoing neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NAST).
  • Out of 86 participants, 47% achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR), and DTI parameters showed significant differences between pCR and non-pCR patients during treatment.
  • Findings suggest that DTI measurements, particularly of the peritumoral region, could be valuable in predicting treatment outcomes for TNBC patients.
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  • A deep learning model was trained to predict how well patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) respond to neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) using MRI scans taken before and after treatment.
  • The model showed strong predictive performance, achieving high accuracy scores (AUCs) for different testing groups, indicating it can reliably identify patients who have a pathologic complete response (pCR).
  • This technology could lead to more personalized treatment strategies for TNBC patients by allowing early identification of those likely to benefit from NAST based on MRI data.
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  • Early prediction of response to neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can help tailor treatments and prevent unnecessary side effects from ineffective therapies.
  • The study analyzed 163 TNBC patients using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to identify radiomic features that could indicate treatment response, focusing on areas around and within the tumors at different treatment stages.
  • Results showed promising predictive capabilities with certain radiomic features, as well as multivariate models, demonstrating significant accuracy in distinguishing between patients who achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) and those who did not, potentially enhancing early, non-invasive treatment assessments.
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  • Accurate tumor segmentation is essential for analyzing tumors in quantitative imaging studies, particularly for triple-negative breast cancer.
  • A new automated deep learning model was developed that uses a comprehensive set of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI images taken at different stages of treatment.
  • This advanced model achieved a high Dice similarity coefficient of 93% and sensitivity of 96%, demonstrating its effectiveness in producing precise tumor measurements for clinical use.
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Purpose: Advances in radiation therapy have enabled the ability to deliver ablative treatments, but there has been limited application of these treatments to early-stage breast cancers with a goal of omitting surgery. The purpose of this study was to explore patient interest in pursuing nonsurgical treatment approaches for their early-stage breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: We conducted a qualitative study involving interviews with 21 patients with early-stage breast cancer who were eligible for participation in a phase 2 clinical trial offering omission of definitive surgery.

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Objective: Risk-reducing therapy with selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators and aromatase inhibitors reduce breast cancer risk. However, the effects are limited to ER-positive breast cancer. Therefore, new agents with improved toxicity profiles that reduce the risk in ER-negative breast cancers are urgently needed.

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