A qualitative dyad analysis of barriers and facilitators of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people who inject drugs (PWID) with HIV in Kazakhstan.

People with HIV (PWH) who inject drugs (PWID) face many barriers to ART adherence. Kazakhstan has one of the fastest growing HIV epidemics in the world, primarily fueled by injection drug use, yet ART adherence among PWID is low. Social support can help address these barriers, but ART adherence among PWID is rarely examined within the relationship context.