SGLT2 expression in human vasculature and heart correlates with low-grade inflammation and causes eNOS-NO/ROS imbalance.

Aims: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show a cardioprotective effect in heart failure and myocardial infarction, pathologies often associated with low-grade inflammation. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate whether low-grade inflammation regulates SGLT2 expression and function in human vasculature, heart, and endothelial cells (ECs).

Methods And Results: Human internal thoracic artery (ITA), left ventricle (LV) specimens, and cultured porcine coronary artery ECs were used.

Potential of Anthocyanin-rich Products to Prevent and Improve Endothelial Function and Senescence: Focus on Anthocyanins.

Endothelial dysfunction is a pivotal early event in the development of major cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and aging. The alteration of the endothelial function is often triggered by an imbalance between the endothelial formation of vasoprotective factors, including nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH), and vasocontracting factors, such as arachidonic acid-derived mediators generated by cyclooxygenases, and an increased level of oxidative stress. Recently, endothelial senescence was reported to be an early trigger of endothelial dysfunction.

Natural Products to Promote Vascular Health.

Maintaining good vascular health is a major component in healthy ageing as it reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction, in particular, is a key mechanism in the development of major cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis and diabetes. Recently, endothelial senescence has emerged as a pivotal early event in age-related endothelial dysfunction.

Effects of DASH diet with or without time-restricted eating in the management of stage 1 primary hypertension: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a popular form of intermittent fasting, has shown benefits for improving metabolic diseases and cardiometabolic health. However, the effect of TRE in the regulation of blood pressure in primary hypertension remains unclear.

Methods: A 6-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which a total of 74 stage 1 primary hypertensive patients without high-risk were randomly assigned to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) group (n = 37) or DASH + TRE group (n = 37).

COVID-19 promotes endothelial dysfunction and thrombogenicity: role of proinflammatory cytokines/SGLT2 prooxidant pathway.

Background: COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Although cytokines have a predominant role in endothelium damage, the precise molecular mechanisms are far from being elucidated.

Objectives: The present study hypothesized that inflammation in patients with COVID-19 contributes to endothelial dysfunction through redox-sensitive SGLT2 overexpression and investigated the protective effect of SGLT2 inhibition by empagliflozin.

γ-Oryzanol ameliorates fine dust-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction via attenuating oxidative stress.

Various cardiovascular diseases are associated with endothelial senescence, and a recent study showed that fine dust (FD)-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction is associated with increased oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate protective effect of rice bran extract (RBE) and its major component of γ-Oryzanol (γ-Ory) against FD-induced premature endothelial senescence. Porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (PCAECs) were treated with FD alone or with RBE or γ-Ory.

Determinants and treatments of heart failure after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: moving up a notch.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in elderly and comorbid population. Significant improvement in heart function has been observed in patients undergoing TAVI, but numerous patients are readmitted to hospital for heart failure (HF). Moreover, repeat HF hospitalization is strongly associated with an adverse prognosis and increases the financial burden of health care.

SGLT2 inhibition ameliorates nano plastics-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction.

Nano plastics (NPs) have been a significant threat to human health and are known to cause premature endothelial senescence. Endothelial senescence is considered one of the primary risk factors contributing to numerous cardiovascular disorders. Recent studies have suggested that inhibition of sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) ameliorates endothelial senescence and dysfunction.

Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae) extract, a medicinal plant of Benin pharmacopoeia, induces potent endothelium-dependent relaxation of coronary artery rings involving nitric oxide.

Background: Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor that affects most countries including those of Africa. Although Carissa edulis Vahl, Diodia scandens Sw. and Cleome gynandra L.

Empagliflozin prevents angiotensin II-induced hypertension related micro and macrovascular endothelial cell activation and diastolic dysfunction in rats despite persistent hypertension: Role of endothelial SGLT1 and 2.

SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) showed pronounced beneficial effects in patients with heart failure but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated the effect of empagliflozin, selective SGLT2i, on hypertension-induced cardiac and vascular dysfunction. Male Wistar rats received diet with or without empagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day).

The Conundrum of Occult Cancer Screening in Venous Thromboembolism: Lessons from the REMOTEV Registry.

(1) Background and Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is strongly associated with cancer, and may be the first event revealing occult neoplasia. Nonetheless, the reasonable extent of the etiological assessment after an unprovoked VTE event remains debated. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of occult neoplasia one year after an episode of VTE, in consecutively hospitalized patients for VTE from the REMOTEV registry.

Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on endothelium senescence and its underlying mechanism.

Global plastic use has increased rapidly, and environmental pollution associated with nanoplastics (NPs) has been a growing concern recently. However, the impact and biological mechanism of NPs on the cardiovascular system are not well characterized. This study aimed to assess the possibility that NPs exposure promotes premature endothelial cell (EC) senescence in porcine coronary artery ECs and, if so, to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Long-term cardiovascular complications following sepsis: is senescence the missing link?

Among the long-term consequences of sepsis (also termed "post-sepsis syndrome") the increased risk of unexplained cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction, acute heart failure or stroke, is one of the emerging specific health concerns. The vascular accelerated ageing also named premature senescence is a potential mechanism contributing to atherothrombosis, consequently leading to cardiovascular events. Indeed, vascular senescence-associated major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) are a potential feature in sepsis survivors and of the elderly at cardiovascular risk.

Septic shock as a trigger of arterial stress-induced premature senescence: A new pathway involved in the post sepsis long-term cardiovascular complications.

Background: Major adverse cardiovascular events among sepsis survivors is an emerging health issue. Because endothelial senescence leads to vascular dysfunction and atherothrombosis, sepsis could be associated to vascular stress-induced premature senescence and thus with long-term cardiovascular events.

Materials & Methods: Adult Wistar male rats were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture, or a SHAM operation.

Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for In Vitro Cytotoxic Attributes of Conyza bonariensis Extract against Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Jurkat Cells.

Background: Conyza bonariensis is known to have anti-cancer properties.

Objective: The current study investigated the in vitro pro-apoptotic properties of Conyza bonariensis (C. bonariensis) towards human lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells.

Microparticles in COVID-19 as a link between lung injury extension and thrombosis.

https://bit.ly/3eX2LPc.

In Vitro Impact of Pro-Senescent Endothelial Microvesicles on Isolated Pancreatic Rat Islets Function.

Background: Ischemia-driven islet isolation procedure is one of the limiting causes of pancreatic islet transplantation. Ischemia-reperfusion process is associated with endothelium dysfunction and the release of pro-senescent microvesicles. We investigated whether pro-senescent endothelial microvesicles prompt islet senescence and dysfunction in vitro.