Understanding attendance patterns and determinants in cardiac, pulmonary, and ICU rehabilitation/recovery programs: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiac, pulmonary, and intensive care unit (ICU) rehabilitation/recovery programs are health promotion interventions designed to improve physical recovery, psychological well-being, and quality of life after acute illness while reducing the risk of adverse events.

Objective: Identify the difference in attendance rates for patients invited to a cardiac rehabilitation, pulmonary rehabilitation, or ICU recovery program and factors influencing attendance.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and manual reference lists from inception to June 3, 2024.