Effect of islet alone or islets after kidney transplantation on quality of life in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review.

Background: Pancreatic islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is efficacious in supressing severe hypoglycaemic episodes (SHE) and restoring glycaemic regulation, which are both pivotal in increasing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Therefore, a systematic assessment of reports detailing HRQoL outcomes is warranted to better understand the benefits of islet transplantation. To this end, we performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the impact of islet transplantation on HRQoL in individuals with T1DM, whether as a standalone procedure (ITA) or following renal transplantation (IAK).

Psychological care of patients during the pancreas transplantation process: issues and prospects.

Pancreas transplantation for patients with type 1 diabetes is a therapeutic option when other treatments are not effective and physical complications occur. Psychological burden is prominent in patients, and non-adherence to treatment is often one manifestation of such difficulties. Time projection is an important factor affected by chronic disease.

Renal involvement in systemic sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis is a rare autoimmune vasculopathy associated with dysregulated innate and adaptive immunity that leads to generalized systemic fibrosis. Renal involvement occurs in a significant proportion of systemic sclerosis patients, and is associated with worse outcome. Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is the most studied and feared renal complication described in systemic sclerosis.

Variability of 24-Hour Sodium Urinary Excretion in Young Healthy Males Based on Consecutive Urine Collections: Impact on Categorization of Salt Intake.

Objective: Several nonconsecutive 24-h urinary collections are considered the gold standard for estimating dietary salt intake. As those samples are logistically demanding, we aimed to describe the variability of 24-h sodium urinary excretion over consecutive days and report its adequacy with sodium intake.

Methods: We enrolled 16 healthy male volunteers in a prospective controlled study.

[Nephrology: what's new in 2022].

Severe cases of IGA nephropathy might benefit from corticosteroid therapy. Inflimidase may be a promising treatment of Goodpasture disease. SGLT2 inhibitors and acetazolamide act synergistically with loop diuretics in the treatment of acute cardiac failure.

Renal water transport in health and disease.

Saving body water by optimal reabsorption of water filtered by the kidney leading to excretion of urine with concentrations of solutes largely above that of plasma allowed vertebrate species to leave the aquatic environment to live on solid ground. Filtered water is reabsorbed for 70% and 20% by proximal tubules and thin descending limbs of Henle, respectively. These two nephron segments express the water channel aquaporin-1 located along both apical and basolateral membranes.

Safety and efficacy of agomelatine in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder receiving psychosocial counselling: a double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial in nine countries.

Background: Major depressive disorder is a severe illness that frequently manifests before the age of 18 years, often recurring later in life. Paediatric medical treatment options are scarce. The melatonin receptor agonist and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist agomelatine is used to treat adults, and could offer a new therapeutic option for paediatric patients.

Activation of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway Inhibits Epithelial Sodium Channel-Mediated Sodium Transport in Collecting Duct Principal Cells.

Background: Active sodium reabsorption is the major factor influencing renal oxygen consumption and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased sodium reabsorption uses more oxygen, which may worsen medullary hypoxia and produce more ROS via enhanced mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Both mechanisms may activate the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway.

Expression of claudin-8 is induced by aldosterone in renal collecting duct principal cells.

Fine tuning of Na reabsorption takes place along the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, which includes the collecting duct (CD), where it is mainly regulated by aldosterone. In the CD, Na reabsorption is mediated by the epithelial Na channel and Na pump (Na-K-ATPase). Paracellular ion permeability is mainly dependent on tight junction permeability.

[Role of distal nephron in the control of extracellular volume in physiology and in nephrotic syndrome].

The kidney plays a major role to maintain the constancy of the "milieu intérieur" by adjusting the urinary excretion of water and solutes to the requirement of the body balance. This function is coordinated with elimination of waste products generated among others by the catabolism of proteins and nucleic acids. To cope with these two major functions, the human kidneys generate each day about 180 L of ultrafiltrate from plasma and reabsorbs the vast majority of filtered water and solutes to excrete daily about one-two liter(s) of urine containing concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride ranging from 20 to 200 mM.

Efficacy of Agomelatine 25-50 mg for the Treatment of Anxious Symptoms and Functional Impairment in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Three Placebo-Controlled Studies.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of agomelatine on anxious symptoms and functional impairment in a pooled dataset from randomized placebo-controlled trials for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Methods: Data from three randomized, placebo-controlled trials that evaluated the efficacy of agomelatine 25-50 mg were pooled. The short-term (12 weeks) efficacy of agomelatine was assessed in regards to (1) anxious symptoms using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), and (2) functional impairment using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS).

Dietary sodium intake does not alter renal potassium handling and blood pressure in healthy young males.

Background: The effects of sodium (Na+) intakes on renal handling of potassium (K+) are insufficiently studied.

Methods: We assessed the effect of Na+ on renal K+ handling in 16 healthy males assigned to three 7-day periods on low salt diet [LSD, 3 g sodium chloride (NaCl)/day], normal salt diet (NSD, 6 g NaCl/day) and high salt diet (HSD, 15 g NaCl/day), with constant K+ intake. Contributions of distal NaCl co-transporter and epithelial Na+ channel in the collecting system on K+ and Na+ handling were assessed at steady state by acute response to 100 mg oral hydrochlorothiazide and with addition of 10 mg of amiloride to hydrochlorothiazide, respectively.

The safety of agomelatine in standard medical practice in depressed patients: A 26-week international multicentre cohort study.

Objective: The present observational cohort study documented the safety of agomelatine in current medical practice in out-patients suffering from major depressive disorder.

Method: The 6-month evolution of agomelatine-treated patients was assessed with a focus on safety (emergent adverse events, liver acceptability), severity of depression using the Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) score, and functioning measured by the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS).

Results: A total of 8453 depressed patients from 761 centres in 6 countries were analysed (female: 67.

Factors of microinflammation in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a pilot study.

Background: The relationships between digestive bacterial translocation, uremic toxins, oxidative stress and microinflammation in a population of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients without metabolic nor inflammatory disease are unknown.

Methods: Bacterial translocation, uremic toxins, oxidative stress, and inflammation were assessed by measuring plasma levels of 16S  ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA), p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), indoxyl sulfate (IS), indole acetic acid (IAA), F2-isoprostanes, hsCRP and receptor I of TNFα (RITNFα) in patients without metabolic nor inflammatory disease. 44 patients with CKD from stage IIIB to V and 14 controls with normal kidney function were included from the nephrology outpatients.

Interaction between Epithelial Sodium Channel -Subunit and Claudin-8 Modulates Paracellular Sodium Permeability in Renal Collecting Duct.

Background: Water and solute transport across epithelia can occur the transcellular or paracellular pathways. Tight junctions play a key role in mediating paracellular ion reabsorption in the kidney. In the renal collecting duct, which is a typical absorptive tight epithelium, coordination between transcellular sodium reabsorption and paracellular permeability may prevent the backflow of reabsorbed sodium to the tubular lumen along a steep electrochemical gradient.

Comparison of real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR for the detection of Xylella fastidiosa in plants.

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a quarantine plant pathogen bacterium originating from the Americas and that has emerged in Europe in 2013. Xf can be detected directly on plant macerate using molecular methods such as real-time PCR, which is a sensitive technique. However, some plants may contain components that can act as PCR reaction inhibitors, which can lead to false negative results or an underestimation of the bacterial concentration present in the analyzed plant sample.

12-week double-blind randomized multicenter study of efficacy and safety of agomelatine (25-50 mg/day) versus escitalopram (10-20 mg/day) in out-patients with severe generalized anxiety disorder.

Treatment of severely symptomatic patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) raises particular concerns for clinicians. This 12-week double-blind study evaluated the efficacy of agomelatine (25-50 mg/day) in the treatment of patients with severe GAD, using escitalopram (10-20 mg) as active comparator. The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline of the total score on the Hamilton Anxiety scale (HAM-A) at week 12.

Effect of agomelatine 25-50 mg on functional outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of agomelatine on functioning compared with placebo in patients suffering from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

Methods: Data from two randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled short-term agomelatine trials conducted by the manufacturer, one in adult and one in older patients, that evaluated the effect on social functioning, were pooled. The short term effect of agomelatine on social functioning was assessed using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), according to SDS total and sub-item scores, as well as on functional response and remission rates.

[Micro-inflammation and digestive bacterial translocation in chronic kidney disease].

Micro-inflammation has been recognized as a major factor associated with the poor prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease. Those patients have an increased rate of pro-inflammatory markers like interleukin 6, C-Reactive protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor α and fibrinogen. Among multiple and complex causes of micro-inflammation the gut microbiota could be an important actor considering the dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease which would enhance the synthesis of uremic toxins with cardiovascular toxicity and the bacterial translocation.

Alterations in DNA methylation/demethylation intermediates predict clinical outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Cytosine derivative dysregulations represent important epigenetic modifications whose impact on the clinical outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is incompletely understood. Hence, global levels of 5-methylcytosine (5-mCyt), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), 5-carboxylcytosine (5-CaCyt) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil were tested in purified B cells from CLL patients ( = 55) and controls ( = 17). The DNA methylation 'writers' (DNA methyltransferases []), 'readers' (methyl-CpG-binding domain []), 'editors' (ten-eleven translocation []) and 'modulators' () were also evaluated.

Efficacy and safety of agomelatine (10 or 25 mg/day) in non-depressed out-patients with generalized anxiety disorder: A 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Agomelatine is efficacious in reducing symptoms and preventing relapse in placebo-controlled trials in generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). Nevertheless, fixed dose studies of agomelatine in GAD have not been undertaken. To determine the minimally effective optimal dose of agomelatine in GAD, the efficacy of two doses of agomelatine (10 and 25mg/day) was investigated in a 12-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, international study in patients with a primary diagnosis of GAD.

Discriminating between Anxious and Non-Anxious Subjects Using the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test.

Background: Alertness designates the internal feeling of wakefulness or arousal and is often described to be linked to the level of anxiety. An adequate level of anxiety favoring the alertness needed to deal with a faced specific situation efficiently; too much anxiety can result in failure to process information and respond appropriately. Thus, it would be of interest to verify if different alertness profiles can be observed depending on anxiety level.

New Coffee Plant-Infecting Xylella fastidiosa Variants Derived via Homologous Recombination.

Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited phytopathogenic bacterium endemic to the Americas that has recently emerged in Asia and Europe. Although this bacterium is classified as a quarantine organism in the European Union, importation of plant material from contaminated areas and latent infection in asymptomatic plants have engendered its inevitable introduction. In 2012, four coffee plants (Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora) with leaf scorch symptoms growing in a confined greenhouse were detected and intercepted in France.

Agomelatine in generalized anxiety disorder: an active comparator and placebo-controlled study.

Background: Agomelatine was efficacious in reducing symptoms in a short-term placebo-controlled trial in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and in preventing relapse in a longer term placebo-controlled study. An additional short-term placebo-controlled study is required by regulatory agencies to confirm the efficacy of agomelatine in GAD.

Method: This 12-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel group, international, multicenter study was designed to confirm the efficacy of agomelatine 25-50 mg/d in the treatment of patients with a primary DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of GAD.