Longitudinal Experience With and Impressions of COVID-19-Related Clinical Research Changes.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to profound changes in clinical research, including remote consent, telehealth, off-site procedures, shipment of therapy, and remote study monitoring. We assessed longitudinal perceptions of these adjustments among clinical research professionals.

Methods: We distributed an anonymous survey assessing experiences, perceptions, and recommendations regarding COVID-19-related clinical research adjustments to cancer clinical research office personnel in May 2020 and again in November 2020.

Experience, Perceptions, and Recommendations Concerning COVID-19-Related Clinical Research Adjustments.

Background: During the COVID-19 public health emergency, the FDA and NIH altered clinical trial requirements to protect participants and manage study conduct. Given their detailed knowledge of research protocols and regular contact with patients, clinicians, and sponsors, clinical research professionals offer important perspectives on these changes.

Methods: We developed and distributed an anonymous survey assessing COVID-19-related clinical trial adjustment experiences, perceptions, and recommendations to Clinical Research Office personnel at the Harold C.

Effectiveness of motivational interviewing at improving oral health: a systematic review.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) at improving oral health behaviors (oral hygiene habits, sugar consumption, dental services utilization or use of fluoride) and dental clinical outcomes (dental plaque, dental caries and periodontal status).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, PsyINFO, Cochrane and Google Scholar bibliographic databases was conducted looking for intervention studies that investigated MI as the main approach to improving the oral health outcomes investigated.

Results: Of the 78 articles found, ten met the inclusion criteria, all based on randomized controlled trials.

Energy expenditure compared to physical activity measured by accelerometry and self-report in adolescents: a validation study.

Background: Physical inactivity is responsible for 5.3 million deaths annually worldwide. To measure physical activity energy expenditure, the doubly labeled water (DLW) method is the gold standard.

Predictors of body mass index change from 11 to 15 years of age: the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study.

Purpose: We explored predictors of nutritional status change from 11 to 15 years of age by analyzing prospective data.

Methods: We collected data at 11 and 15 years of age from individuals born in 1993 in Pelotas, Brazil. We assessed nutritional status using body mass index (BMI) for age in z-score according to the World Health Organization 2007 standards.

Socioeconomic trajectories from birth to adolescence and risk factors for noncommunicable disease: prospective analyses.

Purpose: To evaluate the associations between family socioeconomic trajectories from 0 to 11 years of age and risk factors for noncommunicable disease at 15 years.

Methods: Individuals born in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, in 1993 are part of a birth cohort study. Socioeconomic position, collected at birth and at 11 years of age, was our main exposure.

Incidence of school failure according to baseline leisure-time physical activity practice: prospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the prospective association between leisure-time physical activity practice at 11 years of age and incidence of school failure from 11 to 15 years of age.

Methods: The sample comprised >4,300 adolescents followed up from birth to 15 years of age participating in a birth cohort study in Pelotas, Brazil. The incidence of school failure from age 11 to 15 years was calculated by first excluding from the analyses all subjects who experienced a school failure before 11 years of age, and then categorizing as "positive" all those who reported repeating a grade at school from 11 to 15 years of age.

Regulatory and electronic alphabet soup: practice improvements and implications for providers.

The growth of health information technology, the focus on patient safety and an increased degree of regulatory involvement in the practice of medicine have all transformed the way practitioners provide care. This paper reviews some of the recognized benefits of these advances, while outlining some of the challenges for providers at the bedside, utilizing a case study involving a hypothetical obstetric patient. The way external factors, such as information technology and regulatory requirements, influence the daily practice of medicine, should be carefully considered as the profession evolves.