Clinical and Visual Outcomes of Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy After Surgical Orbital Decompression.

Current guidelines suggest high-dose steroids as first-line treatment for dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). When steroids fail, decompressive surgery is mandatory. We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study in a tertiary care combined Thyroid-Eye clinic in Milan, Italy.

Ischemic optic neuropathy as first presentation in patient with m.3243 A > G MELAS classic mutation.

Background: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a systemic disorder in which multi-organ dysfunction may occur from mitochondrial metabolism failure. Maternally inherited mutations in the MT-TL1 gene are the most frequent causes for this disorder. Clinical manifestations may include stroke-like episodes, epilepsy, dementia, headache and myopathy.