Exploring the impact of short daily haemodialysis on muscle strength and bone health in end-stage kidney disease patients.

Background: Short-daily haemodialysis (SDH) has been strongly recommended over conventional haemodialysis (CHD) for end-stage kidney disease patients, though few studies have directly compared the effects of these two haemodialysis (HD) modalities on clinical variables related to patient's health.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in individuals undergoing HD, comparing epidemiological, clinical, metabolic, inflammatory, anthropometric, bone health/metabolism, and skeletal muscle function according to dialysis modality. One-hundred seventy-eight patients (20.

Comparative analysis of Chrysoporthe cubensis exoproteomes and their specificity for saccharification of sugarcane bagasse.

The phytopathogenic fungus Chrysoporthe cubensis is a relevant source of lignocellulolytic enzymes. This work aimed to compare the profile of lignocellulose-degrading proteins secreted by C. cubensis grown under semi-solid state fermentation using wheat bran (WB) and sugarcane bagasse (SB).

Comprehensive analysis of the GALACTINOL SYNTHASE (GolS) gene family in citrus and the function of CsGolS6 in stress tolerance.

Galactinol synthase (GolS) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs), which serve as storage and transport sugars, signal transducers, compatible solutes and antioxidants in higher plants. The present work aimed to assess the potential functions of citrus GolS in mechanisms of stress response and tolerance. By homology searches, eight GolS genes were found in the genomes of Citrus sinensis and C.

Penicillium Ochrochloron RLS11 Secretome Containing Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Improves Commercial Enzyme Mixtures During Sugarcane Straw Saccharification.

Filamentous fungi are prolific producers of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and important agents that carry out plant cell wall degradation in natural environments. The number of fungal species is frequently reported in the millions range, with a huge diversity and genetic variability, reflecting on a vast repertoire of CAZymes that these organisms can produce. In this study, we evaluated the ability of previously selected ascomycete and basidiomycete fungi to produce plant cell wall-degrading enzyme (PCWDE) activities and the potential of the culture supernatants to increase the efficiency of the Cellic® CTec2/HTec2 for steam-exploded sugarcane straw saccharification.

Extraction, purification by cation exchange supermacroporous cryogel and physico-chemical characterization of γ-conglutin from lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.).

This study focused on the extraction, purification, and physicochemical characterization of γ-conglutin, a protein present in lupin seeds with properties of reducing blood glucose levels. Total protein was extracted with an alkaline-saline solvent, followed by isoelectric precipitation. Chromatographic purification of the precipitated fraction was performed using a cation exchange supermacroporous cryogel column.

First report on the enzymatic profile of .

Enzymes from phytopathogenic fungi are desirable for biotechnological applications and a highly virulent phytopathogen shows great appeal for enzymes production. To assess the biotechnological potential of , a plant pathogenic fungus, we analyzed its enzymatic profile after growth on six different types of lignocellulosic biomasses. The fungus was able to produce a wide variety of enzymes with superior xylanase activity.

Secretomic insight into the biomass hydrolysis potential of the phytopathogenic fungus Chrysoporthe cubensis.

The phytopathogenic fungus Chrysoporthe cubensis has a great capacity to produce highly efficient enzymes for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. The bioinfosecretome of C. cubensis was identified by computational predictions of secreted proteins combined with protein analysis using 1D-LC-MS/MS.

Synbiotic VSL#3 and yacon-based product modulate the intestinal microbiota and prevent the development of pre-neoplastic lesions in a colorectal carcinogenesis model.

Colorectal cancer is a public health problem, with dysbiosis being one of the risk factors due to its role in intestinal inflammation. Probiotics and synbiotics have been used in order to restore the microbiota balance and to prevent colorectal carcinogenesis. We aimed to investigate the effects of the probiotic VSL#3® alone or in combination with a yacon-based prebiotic concentrate on the microbiota modulation and its influence on colorectal carcinogenesis in an animal model.

Genome-Scale Characterization of Fungal Phytases and a Comparative Study Between Beta-Propeller Phytases and Histidine Acid Phosphatases.

This work intended to prospect new phytase-producing organisms. In silico genomic analyses allowed the selection of twelve potential phytase-producing fungi. Based on gene sequence, it was possible to identify four well-defined groups of phytate-degrading enzymes: esterase-like, β-propeller phytases (βPP), phosphoglycerate mutase-like, and phytases of the histidine acid phosphatases (HAP) family.

Production of Fungal Phytases from Agroindustrial Byproducts for Pig Diets.

The application of phytases for animal feed in developing countries is limited due to the high cost of these enzymes, determined by the importation fees and the expensive substrates used for their production. In this work, we have used agroindustrial byproducts for the production of extracts containing phytases, which were accessed for their stability focusing on the conditions found in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. The fungus Acremonim zeae presented higher phytase production in medium containing cornmeal, while the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus produced 10-fold more phytase when cultivated on rice bran.

Impact of protein blocking on enzymatic saccharification of bagasse from sugarcane clones.

Lignin plays an important functional and structural role in plants, but also contributes to the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrolysis. This study addresses the influence of lignin in hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse from conventional bred lines (UFV260 and UFV204) that were selected from 432 field-grown clones. In addition to higher sugar production, bagasse clone UFV204 had a small, but statistically significant, lower insoluble lignin content compared with clone UFV260 (15.

Inhibitors Compounds on Sugarcane Bagasse Saccharification: Effects of Pretreatment Methods and Alternatives to Decrease Inhibition.

Considering bioethanol production, extensive research has been performed to decrease inhibitors produced during pretreatments, to diminish energy input, and to decrease costs. In this study, sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with NaOH, HSO, and water. The higher concentration of phenols, 3.

UFV1 -glucosidases: purification, characterization, and application for biomass saccharification.

Background: -Glucosidases are components of the cellulase system, a family of enzymes that hydrolyze the -1,4 linkages of cellulose. These proteins have been extensively studied due to the possibility of their use in various biotechnological processes. They have different affinities for substrates (depending on their source) and their activities can be used for saccharification of different types of biomass.

Engineered GH11 xylanases from Orpinomyces sp. PC-2 improve techno-functional properties of bread dough.

Background: Endo-1,4-β-xylanases have marked hydrolytic activity towards arabinoxylans. Xylanases (xynA) produced by the anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces sp. strain PC-2 have been shown to be superior in specific activity, which strongly suggests their applicability in the bakery industry for the processing of whole-wheat flour containing xylans.

Anti-Hypertensive Peptides Derived from Caseins: Mechanism of Physiological Action, Production Bioprocesses, and Challenges for Food Applications.

This review is focused on the state-of-art of peptides with inhibitory activity towards angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) - thus, with anti-hypertensive potential - derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of caseins. Firstly, molecular characteristics of caseins relevant to a better understanding of this subject were concisely commented. Next, a brief description of the pathophysiology of hypertension was explained, focusing on the ACE role in regulation of blood pressure in human body.

Deactivation and activation of lignocellulose degrading enzymes in the presence of laccase.

Cellulase and hemicellulase activities in a 1:1 ratio of enzymes extracted from Chrysoporthe cubensis and Penicillium pinophilum were evaluated in the presence of known monocomponent phenolic inhibitors and also with phenol mixtures derived from alkali pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The cellulolytic activities from C. cubensis:P.

Impact of the removal of N-terminal non-structured amino acids on activity and stability of xylanases from Orpinomyces sp. PC-2.

Xylanases catalyze the random hydrolysis of xylan backbone from plant biomass and thus, they have application in the production of biofuels, Kraft pulps biobleaching and feed industry. Here, xylanases derived from Orpinomyces sp. PC-2 were engineered guided by molecular dynamics methods to obtain more thermostable enzymes.

A Chrysoporthe cubensis enzyme cocktail produced from a low-cost carbon source with high biomass hydrolysis efficiency.

Low cost and high efficiency cellulolytic cocktails can consolidate lignocellulosic ethanol technologies. Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a low cost agro-industrial residue, and its use as a carbon source can reduce the costs of fungi cultivation for enzyme production. Chrysoporthe cubensis grown under solid state fermentation (SSF) with wheat bran has potential to produce efficient enzymatic extracts for SCB saccharification.

Purification and Characterization of Xylanases from the Fungus Chrysoporthe cubensis for Production of Xylooligosaccharides and Fermentable Sugars.

Xylanases from the pathogen fungus Chrysoporthe cubensis were produced under solid state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran as carbon source. The enzymatic extracts were submitted to ion exchange (Q Sepharose) and gel filtration chromatography methods (Sephadex S-200) for purification. The xylanases were divided into three groups: P1 showed better performance at 60 °C and pH 4.

Characterization and biotechnological application of recombinant xylanases from Aspergillus nidulans.

Two xylanases from Aspergillus nidulans, XlnB and XlnC, were expressed in Pichia pastoris, purified and characterized. XlnB and XlnC achieved maximal activities at 60°C and pH 7.5 and at 50°C and pH 6.

Evaluating the Cassandra NoSQL Database Approach for Genomic Data Persistency.

Rapid advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques have created interesting computational challenges in bioinformatics. One of them refers to management of massive amounts of data generated by automatic sequencers. We need to deal with the persistency of genomic data, particularly storing and analyzing these large-scale processed data.

Isolation of a thermostable acid phytase from Aspergillus niger UFV-1 with strong proteolysis resistance.

An Aspergillus niger UFV-1 phytase was characterized and made available for industrial application. The enzyme was purified via ultrafiltration followed by acid precipitation, ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. This protein exhibited a molecular mass of 161 kDa in gel filtration and 81 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), indicating that it may be a dimer.

The influence of pretreatment methods on saccharification of sugarcane bagasse by an enzyme extract from Chrysoporthe cubensis and commercial cocktails: A comparative study.

Biomass enzymatic hydrolysis depends on the pretreatment methods employed, the composition of initial feedstock and the enzyme cocktail used to release sugars for subsequent fermentation into ethanol. In this study, sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with 1% H2SO4 and 1% NaOH and the biomass saccharification was performed with 8% solids loading using 10 FPase units/g of bagasse of the enzymatic extract from Chrysoporthe cubensis and three commercial cocktails for a comparative study. Overall, the best glucose and xylose release was obtained from alkaline pretreated sugarcane bagasse.