Adipogenic differentiation of murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by visible light via photo- induced biomodulation.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are undifferentiated cells that can proliferate and differentiate into specialized cells for tissue self-repair. Low-level laser (LLL) can induce biomodulatory effects such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration. We investigated the biomodulatory effects of the photoactive compound chloroaluminum phthalocyanine nanoemulsion (AlClPc/NE) on the adipogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs, when combined with LLL (AlClPc/NE-LLL).