Binge eating disorder, frequency of depression, and systemic inflammatory state in individuals with obesity - A cross sectional study.

Introduction: Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder in individuals with obesity. Its association with factors that control hunger and satiety has not yet been elucidated. We evaluated whether levels of inflammatory markers, frequency of psychiatric comorbidities, and appetite-related hormones levels differ between individuals with obesity with and without BED.

Visceral Adiposity Measurements, Metabolic and Inflammatory Profi le in Obese Patients with and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Crosssectional Analysis.

Introduction: Waist circumference does not distinguish subcutaneous from visceral adipose tissue, which is highly associated with impaired cardiometabolic profile and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because of the complexity of the assessment of visceral fat with imaging techniques, easy-to-apply and low-cost anthropometric measures have been proposed. The aim of the study was to show a possible association between Lipid Accumulation Product Index (LAP Index), Deep-abdominal adiposity tissue Index (DAAT) and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) with metabolic profile and adipokines in obese subjects with and without T2DM, and to compare the results with the use of waist circumference isolated.

Lower extremity mobility limitation and impaired muscle function in women with ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aim: Fatigue, weakness and musculoskeletal manifestations are associated with IBD. An impaired nutritional status and a reduced physical activity can contribute to these clinical outcomes, impacting quality of life and increasing disability. This study aims to assess muscle strength and lower limb physical performance in female UC patients, taking into consideration disease activity, body composition and habitual physical activity.

Comparison of body composition methods in overweight and obese Brazilian women.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare skinfold thickness (SKF) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of body composition using three different equations against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in overweight and obese Brazilian women.

Subjects And Method: Thirty-four women (age 43.8 +/- 10.

Serum leptin in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism: effect of levothyroxine treatment and relationship to menopausal status and body composition.

Background: The relationship between thyroid status, including subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and serum leptin is controversial or uncertain. Therefore we evaluated serum leptin in SH and overt hypothyroidism (OH) and determined the effects of levothyroxine (LT(4)) replacement on serum leptin in these disorders.

Methods: Serum leptin, thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine, insulin, glucose, and body composition parameters were compared in 55 SH, 20 OH, and 28 euthyroid (EU) pre- and postmenopausal women.

Increase of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity in the small bowel brush-border membrane after massive intestinal distal resection in rats.

Phosphatidylcholine plays an important role for the structure and function of the cell membrane, and its synthesis from phosphatidylethanolamine is catalyzed by phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT). This study investigates changes in PEMT activity in the intestinal brush border membrane after extensive distal enterectomy (60%) in 40 Wistar rats. Four groups, each of 10 rats, were killed immediately after surgery (day 0) and on the 7th, 14th and 28th day postoperatively.

Ethanol intake inhibits growth of the epithelium in the intestine of pregnant rats.

The effects of ethanol ingestion on jejunal and ileal epithelial cells were studied in pregnant rats by measuring crypt and villus cell population, crypt cell proliferation, and crypt cell cycle time as parameters. Timed-pregnancy female rats were fed a liquid diet containing either ethanol [designated as ethanol-fed group (EFG)] or an isocaloric amount of carbohydrate [designated as pair-fed group (PFG)] from gestational day 2 up to delivery. Daily diet ingestion, body weight, nitrogen balance, and nitrogen digestibility were assessed during the gestational period.

Time course of nitric oxide production after endotoxin challenge in mice.

Nitric oxide (NO) regulates numerous processes during endotoxemia and inflammation. However, the sequential changes in whole body (Wb) nitric oxide (NO) production during endotoxemia in vivo remain to be clarified. Male Swiss mice were injected intraperitoneally with saline (control group) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS group).

[Evaluation of the nutritional status and physical performance in candidates to liver transplantation].

Objective: To evaluate the physical capacity and nutritional status of patients before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and to correlate these parameters to the severity of liver function.

Methods: Thirty-two patients before OTL were classified as Child-Pugh A (25%), B (22%) and C (53%). Physical capacity was analyzed by the quadriceps and ankle strength, balance, coordination, gait velocity, 6 minute walk test, get up and go test, Barthel and Karnofsky indexes.

Effects of ethanol on gut-associated lymphoid tissues in a model of bacterial translocation: a possible role of apoptosis.

Chronic ethanol intake has been shown to be associated with immune suppression and impairment of epithelial barrier function. We investigated the effects of ethanol on intestinal immunity and its relation to bacterial translocation (BT). Male Wistar rats were assigned to one of three groups and received respective diets for 28 days.

Long chain fatty acid uptake by human intestinal mucosa in vitro: mechanisms of transport.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether a carrier-mediated membrane transport for long chain fatty acid (LCFA) exists in the human intestinal mucosa.

Methods: Biopsies obtained from the small intestine of patients, during routine endoscopies, were incubated for different periods in the presence of [(3)H]oleic acid complexed to albumin, and lipid fractions were separated and quantified. Biopsies were also incubated during 5 min in different oleic acid:albumin molar ratios.

Measuring whole-body actin/myosin protein breakdown in mice using a primed constant stable isotope-infusion protocol.

To measure actin/myosin protein breakdown, the 24 h excretion of N (tau)-methylhistidine (3MH) is used. However, in mice, this method is invalid. Therefore we have developed a liquid chromatography-MS technique to measure the tracer/tracee ratio and concentration of 3MH in plasma, enabling an in vivo primed constant infusion protocol with a deuterated stable isotope of 3MH.

Lack of adaptation to severe malnutrition in elderly patients.

Background & Aims: Sarcopenia is a common feature in the healthy elderly. However, little is known on age-related modifications of body composition in malnourished patients. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the effects of aging per se on body composition and resting energy expenditure (REE) in malnourished patients.

Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity is increased in rat intestinal brush-border membrane by chronic ethanol ingestion.

Aims: Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) catalyses the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine from phosphatidylethanolamine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic ethanol ingestion on PEMT activity in the jejunal brush-border membrane (BBM) of adequately nourished rats.

Methods: For this purpose, rats were fed a liquid diet containing ethanol [ethanol-fed group (EFG)] or an isocaloric liquid diet without ethanol [pair-fed group (PFG)] for 4 weeks.