Predicting cell cycle stage from 3D single-cell nuclear-stained images.

The cell cycle governs the proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration of all eukaryotic cells. Profiling cell cycle dynamics is therefore central to basic and biomedical research spanning development, health, aging, and disease. However, current approaches to cell cycle profiling involve complex interventions that may confound experimental interpretation.

A Modified-Herringbone Micromixer for Assessing Zebrafish Sperm (MAGS).

Sperm motility analysis of aquatic model species is important yet challenging due to the small sample volume, the necessity to activate with water, and the short duration of motility. To achieve standardization of sperm activation, microfluidic mixers have shown improved reproducibility over activation by hand, but challenges remain in optimizing and simplifying the use of these microdevices for greater adoption. The device described herein incorporates a novel micromixer geometry that aligns two sperm inlet streams with modified herringbone structures that split and recombine the sample at a 1:6 dilution with water to achieve rapid and consistent initiation of motility.

Programmable peroxidase-assisted signal amplification enables flexible detection of nucleic acid targets in cellular and histopathological specimens.

hybridization (ISH) is a powerful tool for investigating the spatial arrangement of nucleic acid targets in fixed samples. ISH is typically visualized using fluorophores to allow high sensitivity and multiplexing or with colorimetric labels to facilitate co-visualization with histopathological stains. Both approaches benefit from signal amplification, which makes target detection effective, rapid, and compatible with a broad range of optical systems.

An Open-Hardware Insemination Device for Small-Bodied Live-Bearing Fishes to Support Development and Use of Germplasm Repositories.

Small-bodied live-bearing fishes attract broad attention because of their importance in biomedical research and critical conservation status in natural habitats. Artificial insemination is an essential process to establish hybrid lines and for the operation of sperm repositories. The existing mouth-pipetting technique for artificial insemination of live-bearing fishes has not been substantially upgraded since the first implementation in the 1950s.

A practical evaluation of machine learning for classification of ultrasound images of ovarian development in channel catfish .

Machine learning is a powerful tool to improve efficiency of industrial processes, but it has not yet been well utilized in aquacultural and hatchery applications. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a broad array of machine learning approaches (testing of > 200 vectorization and model combinations, reporting on 20) to classify ultrasound images spanning annual ovarian development (i.e.

ERK5 Is Required for Tumor Growth and Maintenance Through Regulation of the Extracellular Matrix in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Conventional mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members regulate diverse cellular processes involved in tumor initiation and progression, yet the role of ERK5 in cancer biology is not fully understood. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a clinical challenge due to the aggressive nature of the disease and a lack of targeted therapies. ERK5 signaling contributes to drug resistance and metastatic progression through distinct mechanisms, including activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).