T Cell Peptide Prediction, Immune Response, and Host-Pathogen Relationship in Vaccinated and Recovered from Mild COVID-19 Subjects.

COVID-19 remains a significant threat, particularly to vulnerable populations. The emergence of new variants necessitates the development of treatments and vaccines that induce both humoral and cellular immunity. This study aimed to identify potentially immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 peptides and to explore the intricate host-pathogen interactions involving peripheral immune responses, memory profiles, and various demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors.

Duloxetine for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.

Objectives: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome represents one of the main urinary disorders associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). At present, no widely accepted effective treatment is available. Duloxetine, an antidepressant acting as a selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of some symptoms of stress urinary incontinence and OAB because of etiology other than MS.

Neopterin production and tryptophan degradation during 24-months therapy with interferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: Increased synthesis of neopterin and degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine, measured as kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (kyn/trp ratio), are considered in vitro markers of interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamic profile of neopterin and kyn/trp ratio in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with two different doses of IFNβ-1a over a period of 24 months.

Methods: RRMS patients (n = 101) received open-label IFNβ-1a 22 mcg (low dose, LD) or 44 mcg (high dose, HD) subcutaneously (sc), three times weekly for 24 months.

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in central Italy.

Background: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis varies considerably throughout the world.

Objective: To better define the prevalence of MS in central Italy.

Methods: This is a population-based study conducted in the province of Frosinone, which is situated in the Lazio region, central Italy.

Safety and tolerability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with high-dose subcutaneous interferon-beta by Rebiject autoinjection over a 1-year period: the CoSa study.

Objectives: Approved multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments include subcutaneous and intramuscular interferon beta (IFN-beta) Patient satisfaction during long-term IFN-beta treatment is crucial. This study investigated the satisfaction of patients with relapsing-remitting MS treated with IFN-beta-1a (Rebif) by the autoinjection system, Rebiject.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study recruited subjects with relapsing-remitting MS (n = 76) from 19 neurological centers in Italy who were eligible for subcutaneous IFN-beta-1a treatment either as a first immunomodulatory therapy or as a switch from other treatments.

Pharmacodynamics of interferon beta in multiple sclerosis patients with or without serum neutralizing antibodies.

To analyze the in vivo biological effect of anti-interferon beta (IFN-beta) neutralizing antibodies (NABs), blood concentrations of neopterin, beta2microglobulin (Beta2-MG), mRNA-dependent myxovirusresistant protein A (MxA) and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) were measured before (predose) and 24 hours after (postdose) IFN-beta administration in 49 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with (n = 25) and without (n = 24) NABs. The results indicated that predose levels of MxA-mRNA and PKR-mRNA were highly variable [coefficient of variation (CV) > 100%] among patients. A lower inter-individual variability was observed for pre-dose levels of Beta2-MG and neopterin (CVs of 29% and 44%, respectively).

Effect of MRI coregistration on serial short-term brain volume changes in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To test the effect of serial magnetic resonance (MR) coregistration on short-term brain volume changes using different semiautomated and automated brain volume techniques in patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). Coregistration is frequently used to increase precision in serial MR imaging (MRI) analyses. However, the effect of coregistration on measurement of whole brain volume changes from serial scans in the short term has not been tested in MS patients.