Impact of Acid ("Progressive Brush") and Alkaline Straightening on the Hair Fiber: Differential Effects on the Cuticle and Cortex Properties.

Background: Glyoxylic acid has emerged as a safe alternative to formol (formaldehyde) use as a hair straightener/relaxer. However, the possible damage to the hair fiber after its application is low known and/or published in the literature.

Aims: This work aims to characterize hair locks treated with glyoxylic acid compared to traditional alkaline straighteners such as sodium and guanidine hydroxide and ammonium thioglycolate.

Protective effect of conditioner agents on hair treated with oxidative hair dye.

Background: Hair coloring is broadly used by women and men either to change their natural hair color or to delay the onset of gray hair. Oxidative dyes may damage the hair, as chemical and physical processes are required to convert the fiber structure and, consequently, alterations in its mechanical and surface properties.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of silanetriol (and) Panthenol, PEG-12 dimethicone, and hydrolyzed silk (and) hydrolyzed milk protein (and) lactose as conditioner agents on hair treated with oxidative hair dye by protein loss, combability, and breaking strength.

Optical coherence tomography to evaluate the effects of oxidative hair dye on the fiber.

Background/purpose: Oxidative hair dyes can damage the hair, since these chemical procedures are involved to change the fiber structure and therefore changes in their mechanical and surface properties. Evaluate and compare the effect of the two colors of oxidative hair dye emulsions on Caucasian hair. This research analyzed the Dark brown hair untreated (I); Dark brown hair treated with light brown dye (II); Dark brown hair treated with light blond dye (III); Light blond hair untreated (IV); Light blond hair treated with light brown dye (V); Light blond hair treated with light blond dye (VI) on Caucasian hair.

Protein loss in human hair from combination straightening and coloring treatments.

Background: Hair chemical treatments, such as dyeing and straightening products, are known to cause damage that can be assessed by protein loss.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hair protein loss caused by combined chemical treatments (dye and relaxer) using the validated bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. Three kinds of straighteners, based on ammonium thioglycolate, guanidine hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, were evaluated and the least harmful combination indicated.

Hair casts or pseudonits.

Hair casts or pseudonits are thin, elongated, cylindrical concretions that encircle the hair shaft and can be easily dislodged. A case of pseudonits in a 9-year-old girl is reported. Though not unusual, false diagnoses are common.

Auricular chromoblastomycosis: a case report and review of published literature.

Subcutaneous chromoblastomycosis is an infection commonly seen in tropical and subtropical climates, usually caused by trauma with vegetables and often affects the host's lower limbs. We report a case of auricular chromoblastomycosis in a 67-year-old man and discuss the rarity of this clinical manifestation of chromoblastomycosis in the medical literature. In the present case, the etiologic agent was Fonsecaea pedrosoi, the most common agent found in Brazil.

Fractal dimension of chromatin is an independent prognostic factor for survival in melanoma.

Background: Prognostic factors in malignant melanoma are currently based on clinical data and morphologic examination. Other prognostic features, however, which are not yet used in daily practice, might add important information and thus improve prognosis, treatment, and survival. Therefore a search for new markers is desirable.