Changes in NNRTI use have not altered the ecology of NNRTI resistance over the last 10 years in people with HIV experiencing virological failure on antiretroviral drugs.

Background: We aimed to determine how non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance profiles have changed over the last decade in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) experiencing virological failure on all antiretroviral treatments, including different NNRTIs.

Materials And Methods: We analysed the use of the different NNRTIs in PLWHIV treated with antiretroviral drugs at an academic centre and the HIV NNRTI resistance profiles observed in cases of virological failure over the last 10 years (2014-23). We used the latest ANRS-MIE algorithm (v33; https://hivfrenchresistance.

Clearance of archived integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance mutations in people with virologically suppressed HIV infection.

Introduction: We assessed the kinetics of the clearance of integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance mutations (INSTIs-RMs) and associated factors from people living with HIV (PWH) displaying suppressed viral replication after virological failure (VF) on an INSTI regimen.

Patients And Methods: We included PWH with HIV-RNA viral loads ≤20 copies/mL for at least 5 years in whom INSTIs-RM had been identified at least once in a prior RNA resistance genotyping test. HIV DNAs were sequenced by Sanger sequencing (SS) and ultra-deep sequencing (UDS; detection threshold: 5%) every year over the preceding 5 years.

A case series of intermittent nucleoside analogue-based (NA) regimen to maintain HBV virological suppression in coinfected HBV/HIV patients with suppressed viremia.

Objective: To describe the efficacy of intermittent nucleoside analogue-based (NA) regimen to maintain HBV virological suppression in HBV/HIV-1 patients.

Methods: Conducted between 2014 and 2023, this observational retrospective study included all HBV (positive AgHbs)/HIV-1 coinfected patients with HIV RNA ≤ 50 cp/mL and HBV DNA ≤ 25 UI/mL who were switched to an intermittent (<7/7 days(D)) TDF or TAF-containing antiretroviral (ART) regimen. The primary outcome was the HBV virological success rate (SR) (proportion of patients with HBV pVL < 25 UI/mL) at W48.

Treatment with bulevirtide in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis D: ANRS HD EP01 BuleDelta and compassionate cohort.

Background & Aims: In France, bulevirtide (BLV) became available in September 2019 through an early access program to treat patients with HDV. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BLV in patients with HIV and HDV coinfection.

Methods: Patients received BLV 2 mg ± pegylated interferon-α (pegIFNα) according to the physician's decision.

Intermittent Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Treatment Maintains High Level of Viral Suppression in Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV.

In this observational study, we aimed to evaluate whether bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) administered 5 or 4 days a week is able to maintain viral suppression in people living with HIV (PLHIV). We enrolled 85 patients who initiated intermittent B/F/TAF between 28 November 2018 and 30 July 2020: median (IQR) age 52 years (46-59), duration of virological suppression 9 years (3-13), CD4 633/mm (461-781). Median follow-up was 101 weeks (82-111).

Birth Country Influences the Choice of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Individuals: Experience From a French HIV Centre.

Objectives: To assess whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescriptions differ between naive and virally suppressed HIV patients born in France (PBFs) and in Sub-Saharan Africa (PBSSAs).

Setting: Observational single-center study.

Methods: We included all PBFs and PBSSAs who entered into care at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, from 01/01/2000 to 31/12/2018, with plasma HIV-RNA>200 copies/mL.

High seroconversion rate and SARS-CoV-2 Delta neutralization in people with HIV vaccinated with BNT162b2.

Objectives: To assess humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 Delta-variant in people with HIV (PWH) after BNT162b2-vaccination.

Design: Multicenter cohort study of PWH with CD4 + cell count less than 500 cells/μl and viral load less than 50 copies/ml on stable antiretroviral therapy for at least 3 months.

Methods: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding-domain IgG antibodies (anti-RBD IgG) were quantified and neutralization capacity was evaluated by ELISA/GenScript and virus-neutralization-test against the D614G-strain, beta and delta variants before vaccination (day 0) and 1 month after complete schedule (M1).

More HIV-1 RNA detected and quantified with the Cobas 6800 system in patients on antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Target-detected (TD) results or low-level viraemia (LLV) can be observed in HIV-1 patients on ART, which regularly raises questions.

Objectives: We describe here the impact on HIV-1 RNA quantification of switching from the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan (CAP/CTM) to the Cobas 6800 system (C6800), based on analyses of viraemia close to the lower limit of quantification (LLoQ).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively selected two groups of patients: 200 individuals whose viral loads (VLs) were consistently <50 copies/mL with CAP/CTM for at least 3 years before switching to C6800 (group 1), and 35 other patients with confirmed LLV when C6800 was in use (group 2).

The Role of Radiotherapy in Treating Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV Infected Patients.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a radiosensitive cancer regardless of its form (classical, endemic, AIDS-related, and immunosuppressant therapy-related). Radiotherapy (RT) is an integral part of the therapeutic management of KS. RT may be used as the main treatment, in the case of solitary lesions, or as palliative therapy in the disseminated forms.

Screening HIV Patients at Risk for NAFLD Using MRI-PDFF and Transient Elastography: A European Multicenter Prospective Study.

Background & Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing concern in the aging population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Screening for NAFLD is recommended in patients with metabolic risk factors or unexplained transaminitis. This study aimed to prospectively assess the prevalence and associated factors of liver steatosis and advanced fibrosis (AF) in HIV-monoinfected patients at risk of NAFLD.

Incidence of cervical, breast and colorectal cancers between 2010 and 2015 in people living with HIV in France.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the incidence rates between 2010 and 2015 for invasive cervical cancer (ICC), breast cancer (BC), and colorectal cancer (CRC) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in France, and to compare them with those in the French general population. These cancers are targeted by the national cancer-screening program.

Setting: This is a retrospective study based on the longitudinal data of the French Dat'AIDS cohort.

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Associated Kaposi Sarcoma.

People living with HIV (PLWH) with advanced immunosuppression who initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) are susceptible to the occurrence of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Although ART is responsible for AIDS- associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) improvement and resolution, new onset (unmasking KS-IRIS) or sudden progression of preexisting KS (paradoxical KS-IRIS) can occur after a time delay of between a few days and 6 months after the initiation or resumption of ART, even in patients with a low degree of immunocompromise. KS-IRIS incidence varies from 2.

Comparison of HIV-Infected and Noninfected Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: The ObeVIH Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics and adipose/liver tissue histology analysis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected subjects undergoing bariatric surgery.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected subjects undergoing single-port sleeve gastrectomy with prospective enrolment and frequency age (±5 years), sex, and body mass index (BMI, ± 5 kg/m2) matched on HIV-uninfected subjects.

Methods: This study was conducted at a single clinical site at Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital-Paris-France comprising 19 HIV-uninfected and 21 HIV-infected subjects with plasma VL < 20 copies/mL, all with a BMI > 40 kg/m2 or >35 kg/m2 with comorbidities.

Therapeutic Perspectives in the Systemic Treatment of Kaposi's Sarcoma.

In patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), the therapeutic goal is to achieve a durable remission in the size and number of skin and visceral lesions. Although most patients show tumor regression in response to standard systemic chemotherapy regimens, alternative systemic treatments are needed for patients who develop refractory KS. Anti-angiogenic therapies represent attractive therapeutic targets in this context, due to the central role of angiogenesis in KS pathogenesis.

Long COVID-19 symptoms: Clinical characteristics and recovery rate among non-severe outpatients over a six-month follow-up.

Background: To describe persistent symptoms in long COVID-19 non-severe outpatients and report the 6-month clinical recovery (CR) rate.

Methods: Observational study enrolling outpatients (≥ 18 years) with confirmed non-severe COVID-19 (positive nasopharyngeal RT-PCR or presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies) who consulted for persistent symptoms after the first pandemic wave (March-May 2020). CR was assessed at the 6-month visit and defined as complete (no symptom), partial (persistent symptoms of lower intensity) or lack of recovery (no improvement).

Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Paris/Ile-de-France area.

This st udy aims to evaluate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in locked-down family households to determine viral dynamics and immunity acquisition. COVID-19 individuals and their households in lockdown under the same roof during early spring 2020 were interviewed and tested using rapid immunochromatographic lateral flow antibodies assays (LFA) between July and September 2020. Outcomes were secondary infection rate (SIR) among contacts, household infection rate, and predictors of transmission.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with immunovirological control and at least 6 months of combination antiretroviral therapy.

Objectives And Methods: : Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has rarely been reported in people with HIV (PWH) with long-term HIV immune-virological control. We describe the clinical and biological characteristics of patients with confirmed PML among PWH with a CD4+ cell count more than 200 cells/μl and an undetectable HIV RNA viral load after at least 6 months of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) at the time of PML diagnosis, in the large French multicenter Dat'AIDS cohort.

Results: : Among 571 diagnoses of PML reported in the Dat'AIDS cohort between 2000 and 2019, 10 cases (1.

Kaposi's Sarcoma in Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV: An Emerging Condition.

Since the advent of highly effective combined antiretroviral treatment (cART), and with the implementation of large HIV testing programs and universal access to cART, the burden of AIDS-related comorbidities has dramatically decreased over time. The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (SK), strongly associated with HIV replication and CD4 immunosuppression, was greatly reduced. However, KS remains the most common cancer in patients living with HIV (PLHIV).

Prevalence and factors associated with symptom persistence: A prospective study of 429 mild COVID-19 outpatients.

Introduction: Persistent symptoms have recently emerged as a clinical issue in COVID-19. We aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors in symptomatic non-hospitalized individuals with mild COVID-19.

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of symptomatic COVID-19 outpatients, from March to May 2020, with weekly phone calls from clinical onset until day 30 and up to day 60 in case of persistent symptoms.

Kinetics of Archived M184V Mutation in Treatment-Experienced Virally Suppressed HIV-Infected Patients.

Background: We aimed to assess the kinetics of drug-resistant viral variants (DRVs) harboring the M184V mutation in proviral DNA of long-term virally suppressed patients, and factors associated with DRV persistence.

Methods: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA from blood cells stored in 2016 and 2019 was sequenced using Sanger and ultradeep sequencing (SS and UDS; detection threshold 1%) in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated patients with HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL for at least 5 years, with past M184V mutation documented in HIV RNA.

Results: Among 79 patients, by combining SS and UDS, M184V was found to be absent in 26/79 (33%) patients and persistent in 53/79 (67%).