The ongoing structuring of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in middle schools in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.

Context: As is the case throughout France, vaccination coverage against human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region is too low to limit viral circulation and to have an impact on the incidence of virus-induced pathologies.

Intervention Methodology: The Nouvelle-Aquitaine Regional Health Agency (ARS) has decided to set up a large-scale vaccination action in the 7th-grade classes of all 643 Nouvelle-Aquitaine middle schools during the 2023-2024 school year. This public health intervention targeting 11-to-13-year-olds shall bring together national education, health Insurance, the regional center for pharmaco-vigilance, and private health professionals.

Leishmanicidal compounds and potent PPARγ activators from Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Leaves and rhizomes of Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.

Assessment of in vitro pharmacological effect of Neotropical Piperaceae in GABAergic bioassays in relation to plants traditionally used for folk illness by the Yanesha (Peru).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A previous pilot ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological study with the Q'echi׳ Maya identified the family Piperaceae, as an important taxonomic group traditionally used for the treatment of epileptic and culture-bound anxiety disorders and possessing activity in the GABA system. Following that lead, a botanical survey was conducted in Peru, where 47 species of Piperaceae were collected including 21 plants traditionally used for folk illnesses by the Yanesha of Peru, an indigenous Amazonian group.

Materials And Methods: Two high throughput bioassays were used to quantify the in vitro activity of botanical extracts on the GABA system.

Medical ethnobotany of the Chayahuita of the Paranapura basin (Peruvian Amazon).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Up until now, the plant pharmacopoeia of the Chayahuita, an ethnic group from the Peruvian Amazon, has been poorly defined. This paper details the uses of medicinal plants within this community, as recorded in two villages of the Paranapura basin, Soledad and Atahualpa de Conchiyacu. This study aimed to describe the basis of the Chayahuita traditional medical system, to document part of the medicinal plant corpus, and to compare it with data from other Amazonian ethnic groups.

Dihydrochalcones and benzoic acid derivatives from Piper dennisii.

Two new dihydrochalcones (1, 2), as well as eight known compounds, piperaduncin C (3), 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone (4), 4,2',6'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone (5), 4-hydroxy-3,5-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-benzoic acid (6), 3,5-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acid (7), 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenoyl)-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-benzoic acid (8), 2,2-dimethyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylic acid (9), and 3-(3',7'-dimethyl-2',6'-octadienyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acid (10) were isolated from the leaves of Piper dennisii Trelease (Piperaceae), using a bioassay-guided fractionation to determine their antileishmanial potential. Among them, compound 10 exhibited the best antileishmanial activity (IC50 = 20.8 µM) against axenic amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, with low cytotoxicity on murine macrophages.

The rainbow hurts my skin: medicinal concepts and plants uses among the Yanesha (Amuesha), an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group.

Yanesha, also called Amuesha, is a group of amerindian people, belonging to the arawak linguistic family. They dwell in the central region of Peru, at the oriental foothills of the Andes. Their territory covers a large range of ecological settings, and communities spread from 1800 down to 400 m/snm.

Medicinal plants from the Yanesha (Peru): evaluation of the leishmanicidal and antimalarial activity of selected extracts.

Aim Of The Study: Ninety-four ethanolic extracts of plants used medicinally by the Yanesha, an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group, for affections related to leishmaniasis and malaria were screened in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes and against a Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistant strain.

Materials And Methods: The viability of Leishmania amazonensis amastigote stages was assessed by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT) while the impact on Plasmodium falciparum was determined by measuring the incorporation of radio-labelled hypoxanthine.

Results And Conclusions: Six plant species displayed good activity against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistant strain (IC(50) < 10 microg/ml): a Monimiaceae, Siparuna aspera (Ruiz & Pavon), A.