Facial Hypertrophy as a Complication of Weight Gain in Autologous Fat Graft Patients: Considerations and Recommendations.

Fat grafting can restore facial volume for reconstructive and cosmetic indications. Common practice often involves extracting lipoaspirate from the most abundant anatomic location. However, grafted fat retains the phenotypic characteristics of its original location and can undergo exaggerated hypertrophy with patient weight fluctuations.

Orbital Aging: A Computed Tomography-Based Study of 240 Orbits.

Background: Previous studies have attempted to explain age-related changes to the orbit in isolation, often producing conflicting results. The authors used highly accurate imaging software to analyze computed tomographic scans to characterize changes related to age objectively.

Methods: In this case-control study, patients seen in an ear, nose, and throat clinic were screened for study entry.

Facial Shape, Size, and Gender.

Traditional ways of visualizing the differences between male and female faces are often based on single-subject exemplars or artist depictions of hypermasculine and hyperfeminine faces. By equalizing the sizes of male and female facial averages, the authors analyzed the influences of intrinsic shape and size on the architecture of the face.

Facial Aging: A 54-Year, Three-Dimensional Population Study.

Background: There is no accurate visual representation of the aging process, one that visually shows how the shape of the face changes with age in a rigorous and three-dimensional way.

Method: A total of 594 subjects were studied. Two hundred eighty three-dimensional images of male faces and 305 three-dimensional images of female faces were categorized into "young" and "old" groups by sex.

Orbital Volume Increases With Age: A Computed Tomography-Based Volumetric Study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether the bony orbital volume (BOV) changes with age in males and females.

Methods: This case-control study reviewed high-resolution (<1-mm slices) computed tomography (CT) scans of consecutive patients seen for 4 years. The scans were requested as part of the patient's routine care for symptoms related to sinus symptoms.

Effective Rejuvenation with Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: Current Advanced Concepts.

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Process several patient-specific factors before reaching an optimal treatment strategy with appreciation for facial balance. 2.

Relationship Between Midface Volume Deficits and the Appearance of Tear Troughs and Nasolabial Folds.

Background: Understanding interrelationships among aging facial features is important in facial aesthetics as a global treatment approach becomes standard.

Objective: Examine empirical relationships between midface volume deficit and severity of tear troughs (TTs) and nasolabial folds (NLFs) in women and men of different racial/ethnic groups.

Methods: A web-based study was administered to health panel members (aged 18-75 years).

Cheek Volumization and the Nasolabial Fold.

Background: The impression that cheek filling results in longitudinal shortening ("lift") of the skin and elevation of the nasolabial crease or nasolabial fold has become common within the facial injection community but remains unsubstantiated.

Methods: In this study, 77 patients were evaluated before and after injection of the cheeks with a hyaluronic acid filler using a three-dimensional camera system.

Results: A constant pattern of skin expansion away from the center of the injection and perpendicular to the surface of the skin was observed.

Three-Dimensional Facial Averaging: A Tool for Understanding Facial Aging.

The progression of facial shape with aging is the subject of various theories and assumptions but remains poorly understood. The authors have used the unique capabilities of the three-dimensional camera to average the faces of large numbers of subjects to understand this complex process. What the authors present here is a technique of analysis rather than detailed results.

Sleep Wrinkles: Facial Aging and Facial Distortion During Sleep.

Wrinkles are just one indicator of facial aging, but an indicator that is of prime importance in our world of facial aesthetics. Wrinkles occur where fault lines develop in aging skin. Those fault lines may be due to skin distortion resulting from facial expression or may be due to skin distortion from mechanical compression during sleep.

Upper Face: Clinical Anatomy and Regional Approaches with Injectable Fillers.

Background: The use of facial fillers has been rapidly increased as the range of injectable products and indications continues to expand. Complications may arise from improper placement or technique. This article highlights the importance of anatomic knowledge when using injectable fillers in the face.

Treatment of Hyaluronic Acid Filler-Induced Impending Necrosis With Hyaluronidase: Consensus Recommendations.

Injection-induced necrosis is a rare but dreaded consequence of soft tissue augmentation with filler agents. It usually occurs as a result of injection of filler directly into an artery, but can also result from compression or injury. We provide recommendations on the use of hyaluronidase when vascular compromise is suspected.

The plunging tip: analysis and surgical treatment.

Background: The plunging tip refers to a deformity in which the nasal tip plunges on smiling.

Objectives: To understand the plunging tip, we have updated our series of 25 cosmetic rhinoplasty patients who complained of a plunging tip with a focus on the anatomic changes of the nose on smiling.

Methods: Twenty-five female cosmetic primary rhinoplasty patients who complained of a nasal tip that plunged on smiling were photographed in static and smiling sequences preoperatively and one year postoperatively.

The plunging tip: illusion and reality.

Background: The plunging tip is defined as a nasal deformity where the nasal tip descends or "plunges" during smiling.

Objective: The authors prospectively measure a series of 25 patients with a focus on the anatomic changes of the nose before and after the patient smiles.

Methods: Twenty-five women who presented for cosmetic primary rhinoplasty and complained of a plunging tip were included in the study.