The effect of environmental factors on transepithelial potential in a model Amazonian teleost, the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum): Implications for sodium balance in harsh environments.

The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, G. Cuvier 1818) thrives both in the ion-poor waters of the Amazon and in commercial aquaculture. In both, environmental conditions can be harsh due to low ion levels, occasional high salt challenges (in aquaculture), low pH, extreme PO levels (hypoxia and hyperoxia), high PCO levels (hypercapnia), high ammonia levels (in aquaculture), and high and low temperatures.

Is the air-breathing organ a significant route for CO excretion during aquatic hypercapnia in the pirarucu, Arapaima gigas?

The pirarucu is one of the very few obligate air-breathing fish, employing a gigantic, highly vascularized air-breathing organ (ABO). Traditionally, the ABO is thought to serve mainly for O uptake (ṀO), with the gills providing the major route for excretion of CO (ṀCO) and N-waste. However, under aquatic hypercapnia, a common occurrence in its natural environment, branchial ṀCO to the water may become impaired.

Prenatal Telepsychological Intervention for Preventing Anxiety: A Study Protocol.

Anxiety is one of the most frequent disorders during the perinatal stage that is associated with adverse health effects in women and their babies. In spite of this, preventive interventions during this stage are scarce. A long-distance intervention carried out during pregnancy can be an effective and accessible resource to help improve women's emotional state.

Acclimation to constant and fluctuating temperatures promotes distinct metabolic responses in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus).

The Arctic is warming three times faster than the global average, imposing challenges to cold-adapted fish, such as Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). We evaluated stress and metabolic responses of Arctic char to different thermal acclimation scenarios to determine whether responses to thermal variation differed from those to stable exposures. Fish were exposed for 7 days to one of four treatments: (1) control (12°C); (2) mean (16°C), corresponding to the mean temperature of the diel thermal cycle; (3) constant high temperature (20°C); and (4) diel thermal cycling (12 to 20°C every 24 h).

Morphological changes in eggs and embryos of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) exposed to predicted climatic scenarios for the year 2100 in the Central Amazon.

According to the IPCC, by the year 2100, rises in global temperature could reach up to 5 °C above current averages. On a planet-wide scale, this is one of the effects of climate changes that could have repercussions on the biological cycle of Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector in urban environments and a transmitter of the arboviruses that cause dengue, Zika, chikungunya and urban yellow fever. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphological changes in Ae.

Amazon tropical fishes of commercial interest show human-cell contamination but no SARS-CoV-2 in a real-life scenario.

Background: Amazonas was one of the most impacted Brazilian states by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mortality rates were high, and the health systems collapsed. It is important to identify possible intermediate reservoirs to avoid animal-to-human contamination.

Simulated climate change and atrazine contamination can synergistically impair zebrafish testicular function.

Elements that interfere with reproductive processes can have profound impacts on population and the equilibrium of ecosystems. Global warming represents the major environmental challenge of the 21st century, as it will affect all forms of life in the coming decades. Another coexisting concern is the persistent pollution by pesticides, particularly the herbicide Atrazine (ATZ), which is responsible for a significant number of contamination incidents in surface waters worldwide.

Ion uptake in naturally acidic water.

The first studies on ion regulation in fish exposed to low pH, which were inspired by the Acid Rain environmental crisis, seemed to indicate that ion transport at the gills was completely and irreversibly inhibited at pH 4.0-4.5 and below.

Impairment on fillet fatty acid profile and oxidative damage in pirarucu, Arapaima gigas, acutely exposed to extreme ambient temperature.

Climatic events are affecting the Amazon basin and according to projections it is predicted the intensification of climate changes through increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO). Recent evidence has revealed that exposure to an extreme climate scenario elicits oxidative damage in some fish species, impairing their metabolism and physiology, contributing to their susceptibility. Thus, the comprehension of physiological alterations in Arapaima gigas (pirarucu) to the climatic changes forecasted for the next 100 years is important to evaluate its capability to deal with oxidative stress.

Effects of climate change and mixtures of pesticides on the Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum.

Several studies highlighted the complexity of mixing pesticides present in Amazonian aquatic environments today. There is evidence that indicates that ongoing climate change can alter the pattern of pesticide use, increasing the concentration and frequency of pesticide applications. It is known that the combination of thermal and chemical stress can induce interactive effects in aquatic biota, which accentuates cell and molecular damage.

In vivo exposure to high temperature compromises quality of the sperm in Colossoma macropomum.

Increases in temperature can affect the reproduction of fish by decreasing the quality of gametes for fertilization. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in vivo effect of temperature on the production and sperm quality of Colossoma macropomum, which is an economically relevant species for Brazil, and other countries. Broodstock were exposed for 10 days at temperatures of 29 °C (n = 4) and 35 °C (n = 4).

The biotic ligand model as a promising tool to predict Cu toxicity in amazon blackwaters.

The Rio Negro basin of Amazonia (Brazil) is a hotspot of fish biodiversity that is under threat from copper (Cu) pollution. The very ion-poor blackwaters have a high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration. We investigated the Cu sensitivity of nine Amazonian fish species in their natural blackwaters (Rio Negro).

Stochastic determination of thermal reaction rate coefficients for air plasmas.

This work deals with the stochastic inference of gas-phase chemical reaction rates in high temperature air flows from plasma wind tunnel experimental data. First, a Bayesian approach is developed to include not only measurements but also additional information related to how the experiment is performed. To cope with the resulting computationally demanding likelihood, we use the Morris screening method to find the reactions that influence the solution to the stochastic inverse problem from a mechanism comprising 21 different reactions for an air mixture with seven species: O2, N2, NO, NO+, O, N, e-.

Ammonia Increases the Stress of the Amazonian Giant in a Climate Change Scenario.

Ammonia is toxic to fish, and when associated with global warming, it can cause losses in aquaculture. In this study, we investigated the physiological and zootechnical responses of to the current scenarios and to RCP8.5, a scenario predicted by the IPCC for the year 2100 which is associated with high concentrations of environmental ammonia (HEA).

Bacterioplankton Communities in Dissolved Organic Carbon-Rich Amazonian Black Water.

The Amazon River basin sustains dramatic hydrochemical gradients defined by three water types: white, clear, and black waters. In black water, important loads of allochthonous humic dissolved organic matter (DOM) result from the bacterioplankton degradation of plant lignin. However, the bacterial taxa involved in this process remain unknown, since Amazonian bacterioplankton has been poorly studied.

Overcoming the coupled climate and biodiversity crises and their societal impacts.

Earth's biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social and economic inequalities, and habitat loss, many of which are exacerbated by climate change. Here, we review links among climate, biodiversity, and society and develop a roadmap toward sustainability. These include limiting warming to 1.

Correlation between caffeine and coprostanol in contrasting Amazonian water bodies.

The evaluation of contamination by domestic sewage is relevant in the Amazon region; however, it has neither been well-developed nor accompanied by research or monitoring programs. In this study, caffeine and coprostanol as indicators of sewage were investigated in water samples from Amazonian water bodies that crisscross the city of Manaus (Amazonas state, Brazil) and cover regions with distinct main land uses such as high-density residential, low-density residential, commercial, industrial, and environmental protection areas. Thirty-one water samples were studied based on their dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM) fractions.

Prevalence of Antenatal Anxiety in European Women: A Literature Review.

The presence of anxiety during pregnancy is associated with adverse consequences for both mothers and their babies. The aim of this study was to review the prevalence of anxiety in European pregnant women in order to find out which countries have published the most studies in respect to the presence of anxiety during pregnancy, which countries are the most and least prevalent in terms of anxiety within pregnant women, and which are the most common tools used to assess anxiety during this stage. As such, a literature review was conducted regarding the studies that were published in the last twenty years in the PsycInfo, Medline, and SCOPUS databases.

From Veld to Coast: Towards an Understanding of the Diverse Landscapes' Uses by Past Foragers in Southern Africa.

In this brief contribution, we outline the aims of a collection entitled "From veld to coast: towards an understanding of the diverse landscapes' uses by past foragers in southern Africa," and we define its chronological, geographic and thematic framework.

Vitellogenin Ab structure of the amazonian Arapaima gigas.

The vitellogenin is composed by polypeptides that are precursors of egg yolk proteins that provides embryo and larvae nutrition. The mRNA encoding for vitellogenin Ab (Vtg-Ab; 4,536 bp long and 1,512 amino acids) were obtained by RNA-Seq library sequencing of pirarucu gonads. The Vtg-Ab sequences had high homology with Vtgs of other three teleosts species of the order Osteoglossiformes.

Predictive model of persistent choledocholithiasis in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis.

Background: Choledocholithiasis causing acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) may migrate to the duodenum or persist in the common bile duct (CBD). We developed a model for predicting persistent choledocholithiasis (PC) in patients with ABP.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 204 patients, age ≥18 years (mean age: 73 years, 65.

Impact of high temperature, CO and parasitic infection on inflammation, immunodepression and programmed cell death in Colossoma macropomum at the transcriptional level.

The production of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum has recently reached a milestone, being considered the main native species produced in South American continental waters. Despite the importance of this fish, its immunity is poorly understood, and global warming could pose severe risks to its health as increasing water temperature leads to an increase in the incidence of parasitic diseases. In an experimental context based on the high-emission scenario of the 5th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, we evaluated the synergistic effect of exposure to the extreme climate change scenario (RCP8.