Food security in Ukraine today's conditions.

The system-forming element of national security is food security, which guarantees effective management of the food system, ensuring the food needs of the appropriate quantity and quality of each country's citizen. Despite the significant potential of the agricultural sector, which forms the basis of food security, the need to analyse the state of food security in the current situation is due to military operations on the territory of Ukraine, which led to its negative global results. In this regard, the need to develop effective strategies and legal regulation is essential to ensure national and global food security, which in turn requires coordination of efforts of all countries and international organisations through international cooperation.

A novel extended-spectrum β-lactamase, SGM-1, from an environmental isolate of Sphingobium sp.

SGM-1 is a novel class A β-lactamase from an environmental isolate of Sphingobium sp. containing all of the distinct amino acid motifs of class A β-lactamases. It shares 77 to 80% amino acid sequence identity with putative β-lactamases that are present on the chromosome of all Sphingobium species whose genomes were sequenced and annotated.

Class A carbapenemase FPH-1 from Francisella philomiragia.

FPH-1 is a new class A carbapenemase from Francisella philomiragia. It produces high-level resistance to penicillins and the narrow-spectrum cephalosporin cephalothin and hydrolyzes these β-lactam antibiotics with catalytic efficiencies of 10(6) to 10(7) M(-1) s(-1). When expressed in Escherichia coli, the enzyme confers resistance to clavulanic acid, tazobactam, and sulbactam and has K(i) values of 7.

Theoretical analysis of physicochemical processes occurring during water treatment by ozone and ultraviolet radiation.

The paper presents a kinetic model developed for ozone dissolution in water and taking into account convective and diffusion processes occurring in the vicinity of floating bubbles that contain an ozone-air mixture. It was shown that the gradient of ozone concentration in a convective-diffusion layer and consequently the rate of ozone transfer from bubbles to the solution depended on the rate of ozone decomposition both in its reaction with organic admixtures and in the conditions of exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The obtained kinetic curves of destruction of organic compounds and changes of ozone concentration in water and ozone-air mixture are compared with experimental data for humic acids.

[Duodenoplasty in combination with segmentary resection of gastric corpus in preservation of innervated pyloric-antral segment in patients with decompensated duodenal stenosis of the ulcer origin].

A new method of surgical treatment of decompensated duodenal stenosis, consisting of duodenoplasty with duodenal ulcer excision, segmentary resection of gastric corpus with preservation of pyloroantral portion and formation of fundocorporoantrumanastomosis on the whole opening, was presented. In 24 patients in late follow-up terms after the operation the rhythmical, portional evacuation of gastric content was observed, the ulcer recurrency was not noted.

[Various biochemical parameters in serum of pregnant women carrying fetuses with various congenital defects of development].

The number of changes in some maternal serum biochemical parameters for some congenital malformations are presented. In all pregnancies we observed low levels of LAT, AST, CPK, HBD, AP and high levels of GGTP, THY, amylase. These data demonstrate total depression in metabolism of women with an affected fetus.

[An evaluation of the vascular factors of the hemostatic system during the rehabilitation of patients after cerebral circulatory disorders].

Functional diagnosis of the system "blood-vascular wall" early upon acute failure of cerebral circulation was found valuable both in the detection of various hemostatic functional alterations and development of differential treatment with preformed balneological factors. Compensatory potential present in the system of hemostasis promotes wider introduction of oxygen and carbon dioxide baths in early rehabilitation. The use of balneotherapy leads to modulation of antithrombotic properties of the vascular wall.

[The protein content and cathepsin D activity of the mandibular bone in rats during fracture healing].

Soluble and total protein content and cathepsin D activity were measured in rat mandibular bone tissue during healing of a fracture treated with proteolytic enzymes (andecalin) or protease inhibitors (contrykal) electrophoresis. Contrykal essentially elevated collagen content in mandibular bone tissue and reduced lysosomal enzymes activity. Andecalin had no noticeable effect on the levels of total protein and collagen, but it significantly increased the activity of cathepsin D.

[Stress and blood circulation in man].

This paper presents the results of studying stress effects on the heart, systemic circulation and cerebral circulation by various methods (ECG, Doppler technique, isotopes, etc). Patterns of circulation changes in response to mental stresses have been identified and variations in circulation regulation as a function of stress enhancement have been revealed. Cerebral circulation changes produced by heavy mental work under stressful conditions are described (increase of blood flow velocity in carotid arteries and of tone of cerebral arteries of large and medium caliber, change in reactivity of anastomoses between branches of the internal and external carotid arteries, patterns of increase and decrease of blood flow in the gray matter of the brain cortex).

[The effect of a peripheral beta-adrenergic blockade on protein absorption in the small intestine in the early postoperative period].

It was demonstrated in experiments on dogs that enteral absorption of protein occurs in phases. An operative trauma reduces the rate and duration of absorption, disorganizes the phase structure of the process, and reduces the supply of protein to the organism. Obzidan blockade of the beta-adrenergic structures restores the rate, duration, and time organization of absorption and thus increases the entry of protein into the organism.

[Use of fats in early enteral feeding].

It was established in experiments on dogs that tropism of the small intestine to proteins, fats, and carbohydrates is determined by the organism's requirements in them. Clinical studies showed the efficacy of enteral administration of fats in a highly dispersed form. Peripheral beta-adrenergic block was found to be a modulator of the functions of the small intestine which were disturbed by the operative trauma.