Correlation of spheno-occipital synchondrosis and mandibular condylar cortication with chronological age using computed tomography in Indian population- A cross-sectional study.

Background: Forensic age estimation is a procedure which utilises many methods to estimate the age of both living and deceased individuals, including those who have died in natural disasters or man-made catastrophes. The pattern and closure of spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion, along with subchondral ossification of the mandibular condyle, can be used to estimate age.

Aim And Objectives: This study aims to estimate age using computed tomographic (CT) images of spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion (SOS) and mandibular condylar cortication (MCC), and to correlate these findings with chronological age.

Establishing legal threshold of 18-years based on the assessment of mandibular molars using three different methods - An observational study.

Background: The study evaluates the feasibility of employing the radiographic visibility of the root pulp and periodontal ligament in mandibular molars for age estimation, particularly focusing on the 18 years of age threshold. This study additionally investigates the potential of root canal width reduction in mandibular molars, as a reliable method for forensic age estimation in living individuals.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the radiographic visibility of the root pulp (RPV) and the root canal width (RCW) of mandibular first, second, and third molars along with the radiographic visibility of the periodontal ligament (PLV) of mandibular third molars, in a sample of 403 individuals aged 16-25 years (220 males and 183 females).

Efficacy of bioadhesives in the management of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radio-chemotherapy for treatment of head and neck cancer-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Management of head and neck cancers requires a multidisciplinary approach where surgery followed by radio and chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. The above-mentioned treatment can cause mucositis, a severely debilitating side effect. This can have a significant impact on quality of life.

Accuracy of sex estimation by morphometric evaluation of foramen magnum using computed tomography - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this study is to determine whether the morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum using computed tomography can be used as an accurate tool in estimating the sex of an individual. An extensive search of the databases, PubMed, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Scopus, was carried out to procure articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The AQUA tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies.

Salivary Lactate Dehydrogenase as a Potential Biomarker in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Head & Neck Cancer- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The prognosis of head &neck cancer (HNC) depends on its early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, which has advocated a search for a simple, reliable, noninvasive, cost-effective tool to aid in the same. Salivary lactate dehydrogenase has gained interest in recent years, meeting the above requisite.

Objectives: To evaluate the levels of salivary lactate dehydrogenase in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), HNC, and in the healthy control group (CG); to find the correlation, grade-wise and genderwise difference between them; and to assess whether it can be used as a potent biomarker in OPMD and HNC.

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of Nigella sativa (75% v/v) cream and clobetasol propionate (0.05% w/w) gel in oral lichen planus-a double-blinded randomized control trial.

Objectives: The a im of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Nigella sativa (75% v/v) cream and clobetasol propionate (0.05% w/w) gel for the management of oral lichen planus (OLP).

Study Design: Sixty clinically diagnosed cases of OLP were stratified into moderate cases or severe cases based on burning sensation before getting allocated to group I receiving Nigella sativa cream and group II receiving clobetasol propionate gel, two times a day for 45 days.

Reliability of gender determination from paranasal sinuses and its application in forensic identification-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review aims to determine whether linear or morphometric analysis of paranasal sinuses can be used for accurate determination of gender and to appraise which sinus can be evaluated for accurate gender determination.A comprehensive search of the specialized databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Clinical Key, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Epistomonikos, LILACS, OpenGrey) and other institutional repositories was performed for including the studies which assessed paranasal sinuses for gender determination. Quality assessment was carried out with the AQUA tool.

Actinomycotic osteomyelitis of the maxilla in a female patient: A rare case report with the review of the literature.

Actinomycotic osteomyelitis is a rare chronic suppurative, granulomatous, fibrosing saprophytic infection. It is an endogenous infection caused by the Actinomyces species, which are part of the normal oral microflora. There is a male predilection for this type of infection, with the male to female ratio of 4:1.

Comparative efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to TENS and therapeutic ultrasound in management of TMDs: a systematic review & meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the reduction in pain, muscle tenderness, joint clicking, and improvement in mouth opening (MO) after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) compared to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and therapeutic ultrasound (US) among temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) patients.

Methods: A systematic search of online sources of electronic databases was undertaken. The quality of the study was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Awareness and Knowledge Among Dental and Medical Undergraduate Students Regarding Human Papilloma Virus and Its Available Preventive Measures.

Background: India is a major contributor to the global burden of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and associated diseases like cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. Hence, it is essential to recognize the existing knowledge pool of current healthcare students about HPV and its preventive measures to translate this into benefits for the society in the future.

Objective: To determine the awareness and knowledge among dental and medical undergraduate students regarding HPV and its diagnosis and prevention.

Comparative evaluation of serum alpha-1antitrypsin levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and in subjects with tobacco habit without carcinoma.

Aim/objectives: To evaluate serum levels of Alpha-1 antitrypsin in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and compare them with that of healthy subjects with and without tobacco habits.

Materials And Method: The sample of 83 subjects was divided into three groups: 30 subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma formed Group A. The age, sex, habit matched 23 healthy subjects with tobacco habit formed Group B and 30 healthy without history of consumption of tobacco formed Group C.

Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase antioxidant enzymes in chronic tobacco smokers and chewers: A case-control study.

Objective: Tobacco has a time dependent effect on the antioxidant system of the body. This study was designed to determine and compare alteration in levels of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in blood subgroups of tobacco smokers and chewers with controls.

Materials And Methods: Blood samples were collected from 30 tobacco smokers (> 20 cigarettes daily), 30 tobacco chewers (> 10 packets gutka daily) and 30 controls.

Multiple jaw cysts-unveiling the Gorlin-Goltz syndrome.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome or basal cell nevus syndrome is a comparatively rare syndrome characterized by basal cell nevi, odontogenic keratocysts, and skeletal anomalies. Diagnosis is based on the major and minor clinical and radiographic criteria. Dentist plays a major role in the diagnosis of this disease due to the oral and maxillofacial manifestations of the syndrome.

Assessment of serum enzymatic antioxidant levels in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a case control study.

Background and Aim. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral mucosal disorder characterized by recurrent, painful oral aphthae. Despite extensive research, the exact etiology of RAS remains elusive.

Assessment and comparison of phagocytic function and viability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in saliva of smokers and non-smokers.

Objectives: Tobacco use is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. It is also linked to impairment of normal immunologic surveillance and defence mechanism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Tobacco smoke and its components have been seen to affect the phagocytic ability and viability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes suggesting the pathogenesis of tobacco induced oral diseases.

Oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: A case report with an update.

White lesions both physiologic as well as pathologic are relatively frequent in the oral cavity, the most common pathology being oral leukoplakia (OL). There are many variants of OL, one of which is oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (OPVL). OPVL is a rare clinico-pathological entity, which is slow growing, long-term progressive lesion, but remains an enigmatic and difficult to define.

Estimation and comparison of levels of salivary nitric oxide in patients with oral lichen planus and controls.

Background: Normal salivary function is considered to be critical for the maintenance of healthy oral mucosa. Oral fluids provide an easily available, non-invasive medium for the diagnosis of wide range of diseases and clinical situations. The objective of this study was to estimate and compare salivary nitric oxide levels in patients with oral lichen planus and healthy individuals.

Salivary thiocyanate: a biochemical indicator of cigarette smoking in adolescents.

Purpose: Saliva is considered to be critical for the maintenance of healthy oral mucosa, and oral fluids provide an easily available, non-invasive medium for the diagnosis of a wide range of diseases and clinical situations. The purpose of this study was to estimate the thiocyanate (SCN) level in saliva of cigarette smokers and compare it with that of nonsmokers.

Materials And Methods: The present study comprised 100 subjects, of which 50 had a habit of tobacco smoking.

Epithelioid hemangioma (angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia) in the oral mucosa.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with an eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare benign entity whose etiology and pathogenesis is under debate. Clinically, it is characterised by cutaneous papules or nodules on the head and neck. Literature reveals very few cases of this entity in the oral mucosa.

Geriatric dentistry--meet the need.

Geriatric dentistry or gerodontics is the delivery of dental care to older adults involving the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of problems associated with normal ageing and age-related diseases as part of an inter-disciplinary team with other health care professionals. Geriatric health is an ignored and under-explored area worldwide. Oral health reflects overall well being for the elderly population.

Physiotherapy as an adjuvant therapy for treatment of TMJ disorders.

Physiotherapy has long been used to cure joint and muscle diseases. It has also been used to treat various diseases without inflicting mental trauma or the pain of surgery. This adjunctive therapeutic modality is widely used for patients with orofacial disorders, especially in the prevention or treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, hypomobility, or ankylosis.

Gardner's Syndrome.

Gardner's syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease and is a subtype of familial adenomatous polyposis. It is characterized by adenomatous intestinal polyps, multiple osteomas in the skull, maxillae, mandible, and multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous masses (epidermoids and desmoid). Intestinal polyps, if not treated, have 100% chance of becoming malignant.

Giant submandibular sialoliths: a report of two cases.

Sialolithiasis is the second most common disease of the salivary glands. Sialolithiasis accounts for the most common cause of salivary gland obstruction, leading to recurrent painful swelling of the involved gland, which often becomes worse while eating. Sialoliths can occur in any of the salivary glands but appear most frequently in the submandibular gland and its duct.

Estimation of serum beta carotene levels in patients with oral submucous fibrosis in India.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, insidious and disabling condition affecting the oral cavity, being especially prevalent in India and South East Asia. However, considering its high prevalence and potential to undergo malignant transformation, OSMF has not been widely investigated with respect to levels of antioxidants, especially beta carotene. In the present study, an attempt was made to analyze serum levels of beta carotene in 45 patients with oral submucous fibrosis and 45 age- and sex-matched controls.

The microbial flora associated with oral carcinomas.

Objective: Changes in the microbial flora on the oral mucosa after cancerous alteration may lead to both local and systemic infections. In this study, we assessed the microbial flora associated with the surfaces of oral squamous cell carcinoma. A comparative evaluation of these microbial contents was made with that of the contralateral healthy mucosa and control (healthy) mucosa.