Empowering Physicians for Holistic Wellness in Diabetes Management through Mind-Body Medicine: Implications of the Psycho-Neuro-Immuno-Endocrine/Enteric Concept in Diabetes.

The psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrine/enteric (PNIE) axis is a fundamental concept in neuroscience, integral to the neuroendocrine system (NES). It encompasses the interactions between behavior, neurology, endocrinology, gut biology, and the immune system. These interactions regulate crucial metabolic processes like glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, blood pressure, and various homeostatic functions, including blood pressure regulation, thermogenesis and pulmonary hypoxia detection.

Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Endocrinopathies: A Tight Rope Walk.

Managing endocrine side effects of cancer immunotherapy: A tight rope walk for the oncologist.