Attitudes and perceptions of undergraduate medical students about sexual harassment and gender discrimination: A survey-based study.

Background: Sexual harassment (SH) and Gender discrimination (GD) faced by medical students have been neglected areas of study in India. Only a few recent studies could be found, despite frequent media reports on SH and GD. This study aimed to assess the attitudes and perceptions of sexual harassment and gender discrimination and evaluate the forms of SH and GD experienced by them.

A case of postpartum dermatomyositis with onset at three months: expanding the clinical spectrum.

Introduction And Importance: Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disorder affecting all age groups, with a higher prevalence in women. Diagnosis typically occurs around age 40. Manifestation can be acute or chronic.

Optimised Protocol for Managing Failed Catheterisation: Leveraging Bedside Retrograde Urethrography and Cystourethroscopy.

Introduction Urethral catheterization is a routine procedure often required for many hospitalized patients. Various conditions, such as meatal stenosis, stricture urethra, false passage, benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder neck contractures, and impacted urethral stones, can contribute to difficulty in catheterisation. In the setting of failed attempts at per urethral catheter placement, the subsequent intervention is suprapubic catheter (SPC) insertion.

Unearthing new learning opportunities: adapting and innovating through the 'Antibiotics under our feet' citizen science project in Scotland during COVID-19.

'Antibiotics under our feet' is a Scottish citizen science project that aimed to raise science capital in primary school learners and their teachers through measurement of microbial diversity in urban soil samples in the search for novel antimicrobial compounds. Resistance to antibiotics is rising, posing a global threat to human health. Furthermore, science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) skills are in crisis, jeopardising our capacity to mobilise as a society to fight antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

3'-UTR Sequence of Exosomal NANOGP8 DNA as an Extracellular Vesicle-Localization Signal.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are garnering attention as a safe and efficient biomolecule delivery system. EVs intrinsically play a crucial role in intercellular communication and pathophysiology by transporting functionally active DNA molecules. The internalized DNA pleiotropically affects the recipient cells.

A pharmacokinetic model for hyperpolarized C-pyruvate MRI when using metabolite-specific bSSFP sequences.

Purpose: Metabolite-specific balanced SSFP (MS-bSSFP) sequences are increasingly used in hyperpolarized [1-C]Pyruvate (HP C) MRI studies as they improve SNR by refocusing the magnetization each TR. Currently, pharmacokinetic models used to fit conversion rate constants, k and k, and rate constant maps do not account for differences in the signal evolution of MS-bSSFP acquisitions.

Methods: In this work, a flexible MS-bSSFP model was built that can be used to fit conversion rate constants for these experiments.

Surface electromyography-based biofeedback can facilitate recovery from total knee arthroplasty.

Knee osteoarthritis is among the most prevalent chronic diseases. Total knee arthroplasty is a common solution that effectively addresses the continued structural degeneration of the articular cartilage. However, effective physical therapy is critical for recovery.

A Molecular Dynamics Study of Single-Gas and Mixed-Gas N and CH Transport in Triptycene-Based Polyimide Membranes.

Fluorinated polyimides incorporated with triptycene units have gained growing attention over the last decade since they present potentially interesting selectivities and a higher free volume with respect to their triptycene-free counterparts. This work examines the transport of single-gas and mixed-gas N and CH in the triptycene-based 6FDA-BAPT homopolyimide and in a block 15,000 g mol/15,000 g mol 6FDA-mPDA/BAPT copolyimide by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The void-space analyses reveal that, while the free volume consists of small-to-medium holes in the 6FDA-BAPT homopolyimide, there are more medium-to-large holes in the 6FDA-mPDA/BAPT copolyimide.

Do contingency-conflicting elements drop out of equivalence classes? Retesting Sidman's (2000) theory.

Sidman's (2000) theory of stimulus equivalence states that all positive elements in a reinforcement contingency enter an equivalence class. The theory also states that if an element from an equivalence class conflicts with a reinforcement contingency, the conflicting element will "drop out" of the class. Minster et al.

Methods and Protocols for Using Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Vehicles in Neuronal Research.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) transport nucleic acids, proteins, and lipid molecules for intercellular communication. The biomolecular cargo from EVs can modify the recipient cell genetically, physiologically, and pathologically. This innate ability of EVs can be harnessed to deliver the cargo of interest to a specific organ or a cell type.

Analysis of Cellular Damage Resulting from Exposure of Bacteria to Graphene Oxide and Hybrids Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

With the increase in antimicrobial resistance, there is an urgent need to find new antimicrobials. Four particulate antimicrobial compounds, graphite (G), graphene oxide (GO), silver-graphene oxide (Ag-GO) and zinc oxide-graphene oxide (ZnO-GO) were tested against , , and . The antimicrobial effects on the cellular ultrastructure were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and selected FTIR spectral metrics correlated with cell damage and death arising from exposure to the GO hybrids.

Coculture with Neural Stem Cells May Shift the Transcription Profile of Glioblastoma Multiforme towards Cancer-Specific Stemness.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) possesses a small but significant population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) thought to play a role in its invasiveness, recurrence, and metastasis. The CSCs display transcriptional profiles for multipotency, self-renewal, tumorigenesis, and therapy resistance. There are two possible theories regarding the origin of CSCs in the context of neural stem cells (NSCs); i.

Analysis of regulatory sequences in exosomal DNA of NANOGP8.

Exosomes participate in intercellular communication by transporting functionally active molecules. Such cargo from the original cells comprising proteins, micro-RNA, mRNA, single-stranded (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules pleiotropically transforms the target cells. Although cancer cells secrete exosomes carrying a significant level of DNA capable of modulating oncogene expression in a recipient cell, the regulatory mechanism is unknown.

Assessing the Contact Angle Between Dentin Treated With Irrigation and Calcium Hydroxide and Root Canal Sealers.

Background The long-term use of calcium hydroxide, or Ca(OH)2, on dentin has been established in the literature. However, scarce data is available on dentin wettability with Ca(OH)2. Aim The present study was conducted to assess the outcomes of Ca(OH)2 use on the wettability of dentin following two and four weeks of using sealers of bioceramic (BC) and Tubli-Seal™ in the root canal.

Retraction: Assessing the Contact Angle Between Dentin Treated With Irrigation and Calcium Hydroxide and Root Canal Sealers.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29474.

A C/P surface coil to visualize metabolism and energetics in the rodent brain at 3 Tesla.

Purpose: We constructed a C/P surface coil at 3 T for studying cancer metabolism and bioenergetics. In a single scan session, hyperpolarized C-pyruvate MRS and P MRS was carried out for a healthy rat brain.

Methods: All experiments were carried out at 3 Tesla.

Single-gas and mixed-gas permeation of N/CH in thermally-rearranged TR-PBO membranes and their 6FDA-bisAPAF polyimide precursor studied by molecular dynamics simulations.

High-performance polymers with polybenzoxazole (PBO) structures, formed thermal rearrangement (TR) of aromatic polyimide precursors, have been developed for gas separation applications. The present work compares the transport of N and CH in a 6FDA-bisAPAF polyimide precursor and in its TR-PBO derivative using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The modelling closely mimicked the experimental approach by transforming a 6FDA-bisAPAF atomistic model into its corresponding TR-PBO structure a specific algorithm.

Candida auris Pan-Drug-Resistant to Four Classes of Antifungal Agents.

Candida auris is an urgent antimicrobial resistance threat due to its global emergence, high mortality, and persistent transmissions. Nearly half of C. auris clinical and surveillance cases in the United States are from the New York and New Jersey Metropolitan area.

Noninvasively recorded high-gamma signals improve synchrony of force feedback in a novel neurorehabilitation brain-machine interface for brain injury.

Brain injury is the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, often resulting in impaired hand function. Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) offer a potential way to improve hand function. BMIs often target replacing lost function, but may also be employed in neurorehabilitation (nrBMI) by facilitating neural plasticity and functional recovery.

Exposure to a Pathological Condition May Be Required for the Cells to Secrete Exosomes Containing mtDNA Aberration.

Exosomes, nanovesicles secreted by all cells, carry out intercellular communication by transmitting biologically active cargo comprising DNA, RNA, and proteins. These biomolecules reflect the status of their parent cells and can be altered by pathological conditions. Therefore, the researchers have been investigating differential sequences and quantities of DNA associated with exosomes as valuable biomarkers of diseases.

Utility of Keratins as Biomarkers for Human Oral Precancer and Cancer.

Human oral cancer is the single largest group of malignancies in the Indian subcontinent and the sixth largest group of malignancies worldwide. Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are the most common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity, constituting over 90% of oral cancers. About 90% of OSCCs arise from pre-existing, potentially malignant lesions.

Biomarker Potential of Vimentin in Oral Cancers.

Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process. As much as 5% to 85% of oral tumors can develop from potentially malignant disorders (PMD). Although the oral cavity is accessible for visual examination, the ability of current clinical or histological methods to predict the lesions that can progress to malignancy is limited.