Extracellular vesicles derived from dendritic cells loaded with VEGF-A siRNA and doxorubicin reduce glioma angiogenesis in vitro.

Background: Numerous attempts have been devoted to designing anti-angiogenic agents as a strategy to slow tumor growth and progression. Clinical applications of conventional anti-angiogenic agents face some challenges, e.g.

Efficacy of cell-based immunotherapies on patients with glioma: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Glial brain tumours are highly mortal and are noted as major neurosurgical challenges due to frequent recurrence or progression. Despite standard-of-care treatment for gliomas, the prognosis of patients with higher-grade glial tumours is still poor, and hence empowering antitumour immunity against glioma is a potential future oncological prospect. This review is designed to improve our understanding of the efficacy of cell-based immunotherapies for glioma.

Digital holographic microscopy of spiropyran-based dynamic materials.

Spiropyran (SP)-based dynamic materials undergo structural changes in response to external stimuli. In this paper, we show that digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is an effective candidate for characterisation of SPs (embedded in polymer matrices) and for monitoring of their dynamical changes. The polymer matrices are polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films, which are decorated with SPs and immobilised on graphene quantum dots (GQDs).

Evaluation of pitting corrosion by dynamic speckle pattern analysis.

There is an increasing interest in non-destructive and real-time high-resolution approaches for corrosion studies in metals. In this paper, we propose the dynamic speckle pattern method as a low-cost, easy-to-implement, and quasi in-situ optical technique for the quantitative evaluation of pitting corrosion. This type of corrosion occurs in a specific area of a metallic structure and causes holes formation leading to structural failure.

Clinical theranostics applications of photo-acoustic imaging as a future prospect for cancer.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) of biological tissue has been a fast developing biomedical multi-wave imaging modality, after its introduction in the mid90s. PAI couples laser excitation to acoustic detection. Especially, in recent years its significant advantages in onco-surgery has attracted much attention due to its ability to detect malignant tissues.

Detection of intralayer alignment in multicomponent lipids by dynamic speckle pattern analysis.

Multicomponent mixtures of bilayer lipids, thanks to the coexistence of liquid-crystalline phases in their structures, may be used in the development of functional membranes. In such membranes interlayer ordering distributes across membrane lamellae, resulting in long-range alignment of phase-separated domains. In this paper, we explore the dynamics of this phenomenon by laser speckle pattern analysis.

3D monitoring of the surface slippage effect on micro-particle sedimentation by digital holographic microscopy.

In several phenomena in biology and industry, it is required to understand the comprehensive behavior of sedimenting micro-particles in fluids. Here, we use the numerical refocusing feature of digital holographic microscopy (DHM) to investigate the slippage effect on micro-particle sedimentation near a flat wall. DHM provides quantitative phase contrast and three-dimensional (3D) imaging in arbitrary time scales, which suggests it as an elegant approach to investigate various phenomena, including dynamic behavior of colloids.

Digital holographic microscopy for real-time investigation of 3D microstructural dynamics of starch-kefiran-based nanocomposite.

Investigating real-time phenomena in bio-polymers has received much attention because of their increasing demands in polymer substitution. The 3D morphometry of polymer surfaces may be very impactful in such studies. Here, digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is applied for quantitative measurement of the rare morphological changes of UV-A and UV-C exposed nanocomposites during their incubation with excess water.

Non-invasive monitoring of bone scaffold activity by speckle pattern analysis.

Scaffold-based bone tissue engineering aims to develop 3D scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix to regenerate bone defects and damages. In this paper, we provide a laser speckle analysis to characterize the highly porous scaffold. The experimental procedure includes acquisition of speckle patterns of the bone scaffold at different times under preserved environmental conditions, and follow-up statistical post-processing toward examining its internal activity.

Flat Wall Proximity Effect on Micro-Particle Sedimentation in Non-Newtonian Fluids.

We investigate the sedimentation of colloidal micro-spheres and red blood cells (RBCs) in non-Newtonian fluid - silicone oil with different viscosities. We use digital holographic microscopy (DHM) to obtain volumetric information of the sedimenting micro-objects. Especially, the numerical refocusing feature of DHM is used to extract the depth information of multiple particles moving inside the fluid.

Speckle pattern analysis of crumpled papers.

In this paper, we show that laser speckle analysis (LSA) can provide valuable information about the structure of crumpled thin sheets. Crumpling and folding of slender objects are present in several phenomena and in various ranges of size, e.g.

Digital holographic microscopy of phase separation in multicomponent lipid membranes.

Lateral in-homogeneities in lipid compositions cause microdomains formation and change in the physical properties of biological membranes. With the presence of cholesterol and mixed species of lipids, phospholipid membranes segregate into lateral domains of liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases. Coupling of two-dimensional intralayer phase separations and interlayer liquid-crystalline ordering in multicomponent membranes has been previously demonstrated.