Spatial and seasonal controls on dissolved organic matter composition in shallow aquifers under the rapidly developing city of Patna, India.

The distribution and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) affects numerous (bio)geochemical processes in environmental matrices including groundwater. This study reports the spatial and seasonal controls on the distribution of groundwater DOM under the rapidly developing city of Patna, Bihar (India). Major DOM constituents were determined from river and groundwater samples taken in both pre- and post-monsoon seasons in 2019, using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy.

The impact of phosphorus on projected Sub-Saharan Africa food security futures.

Sub-Saharan Africa must urgently improve food security. Phosphorus availability is one of the major barriers to this due to low historical agricultural use. Shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) indicate that only a sustainable (SSP1) or a fossil fuelled future (SSP5) can improve food security (in terms of price, availability, and risk of hunger) whilst nationalistic (SSP3) and unequal (SSP4) pathways worsen food security.

Environmental tracers and groundwater residence time indicators reveal controls of arsenic accumulation rates beneath a rapidly developing urban area in Patna, India.

Groundwater security is a pressing environmental and societal issue, particularly due to significantly increasing stressors on water resources, including rapid urbanization and climate change. Groundwater arsenic is a major water security and public health challenge impacting millions of people in the Gangetic Basin of India and elsewhere globally. In the rapidly developing city of Patna (Bihar) in northern India, we have studied the evolution of groundwater chemistry under the city following a three-dimensional sampling framework of multi-depth wells spanning the central urban zone in close proximity to the River Ganges (Ganga) and transition into peri-urban and rural areas outside city boundaries and further away from the river.

Pore network and Darcy scale modelling of DNAPL remediation using ethanol flushing: Study of physical properties in DNAPL remediation.

Co-solvent flushing into contaminated soils is one of the most effective techniques for Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) remediation. In addition to the increase of DNAPL solubility, co-solvents (e.g.

Fluid-Fluid Interfacial Effects in Multiphase Flow during Carbonated Waterflooding in Sandstone: Application of X-ray Microcomputed Tomography and Molecular Dynamics.

Fluid-fluid interfacial reactions in porous materials are pertinent to many engineering applications such as fuel cells, catalyst design, subsurface energy recovery (enhanced oil recovery), and CO storage. They have been identified to control physicochemical properties such as interfacial rheology, multiphase flow, and reaction kinetics. In recent years, engineered waterflooding has been identified as an effective way to increase hydrocarbon recovery and solid-fluid interaction has been assessed as the key mechanism.

Simultaneous pressure and electro-osmosis driven flow in charged porous media: Pore-scale effects on mixing and dispersion.

Electrokinetic effects in porous media play a key role in a number of natural and industrial processes. Applications such as enhanced oil recovery, soil remediation and even drug delivery are affected by the Coulombic forces created by the solid-fluid interfacial interactions. These electrokinetic effects promote the development of non-homogenous slipping flow over charged surfaces at the pore scale, which can have a significant impact in the hydrodynamics of tight porous materials.