Comparative efficacy of risdiplam and nusinersen in Type 2 and 3 spinal muscular atrophy patients: A cohort study using real-world data.

Background: Three medications have been approved for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) treatment. No head-to-head clinical trials have directly compared the efficacy of nusinersen and risdiplam. We compare the efficacy of them in Type 2 and 3 SMA patients, with 6 months of follow-up.

Pseudotumor Cerebri Presenting by Neck Rigidity and Torticollis.

Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) is an uncommon disease in children. On-time diagnosis and treatment can prevent irreversible visual loss. Although headache is the most common complaint of children with this syndrome, the present case report reported a child with neck rigidity and torticollis, declined by the reduction of intracranial pressure.

Developmental Status of Five-Year-old Children with Very-Low-Birth-Weight.

Objective: Some previous studies have reported the improved survival of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates with no disabilities. However, 16% of these neonates have developmental disorders. Considering the lack of research on the developmental status of five-year-old VLBW children and the importance of early detection and treatment, in this study, we aimed to assess the developmental status of five-year-old VLBW children.

Is There Any Need for Emergency Neuroimaging in Children With first Complex Febrile Seizure?

Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the need for emergency neuroimaging in children with first CFC.

Materials And Methods: This is an analytic cross-sectional study conducted on children aged 6-60 months with first CFC. Data were gathered by a form that evaluates age, sex, imaging type, body temperature, and the duration of fever before convulsion, the duration and frequency of convulsion, and family history of FC.

The Cutoff of Ferritin for Evaluation of Hypothyroidism in Patients With Thalassemia.

Background: Thalassemia major is a genetic disease with a recessive autosomal pattern of inheritance that occurs as a result of disorder in hemoglobin synthesis. Researchers aimed to investigate the cutoff of ferritin for the development of hypothyroidism in patients with thalassemia major.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective analytic cross-sectional study that was conducted on the medical records of patients with thalassemia major.

Risk Factors of Febrile Status Epilepticus.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the risk factors of febrile status epilepticus (FSE) in children.

Materials & Methods: This analytic case-control study was conducted on all patients' records with first febrile seizure (FS) admitted to 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht, Iran during 2007-2014. Cases were children aged 6 to 60 months with FSE and controls were children with complex and simple FS.

Diskitis as Manifestation of Gait Disturbance.

Gait disturbance is a common presentation of neurologic disease in children. Limping is a kind of gait dysfunction that occurs due to neurologic & skeletal diseases. Diskitis is an inflammatory process noted as one of the significant causes of limping especially in children aged less than 3 yr.

Is Infantile Colic an Early Life Expression of Childhood Migraine?

Objective: Migraine is the mosyndrome and infantile colic is a common cause of infantile cry. The pathogenesis of migraine and colic has not been well established and different factors may cause them. There is an association between infantile colic and the occurrence of childhood migraine.

Circadian Rhythm and the Seasonal Variation in Childhood Febrile Seizure.

Objective: We aimed to assess the circadian rhythm and the seasonal variation in childhood febrile seizure (FS).

Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively on patients' records. Investigators assessed the records of patients with simple FS aged 6 to 60 months referred to Emergency Department of 17-Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht northern Iran during Jan 2010 to Jan 2013.

Infantile Spasms Treated with Intravenous Methypredinsolone Pulse.

Objective: Infantile spasms is diagnosed late even by expert pediatricians. Late diagnosis (later than 3 weeks) can have a negative effect on the long-term prognosis. We aimed to investigate infantile spasms treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse.

Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy of Childhood (ANEC): A Case Report.

Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is a specific type of encephalopathy. After viral infection, it can be diagnosed by bilateral symmetrical lesions predominantly observed in thalami & brainstem of infants & children. Although, it is commonly occurred in Japanese and Taiwanese population.

Evaluation of stiffness feedback for hard nodule identification on a phantom silicone model.

Haptic information in robotic surgery can significantly improve clinical outcomes and help detect hard soft-tissue inclusions that indicate potential abnormalities. Visual representation of tissue stiffness information is a cost-effective technique. Meanwhile, direct force feedback, although considerably more expensive than visual representation, is an intuitive method of conveying information regarding tissue stiffness to surgeons.

The Comparison between Effect of Chloralhydrate and Diphenhydramine on Sedating for Electroencephalography.

Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) is the most effective diagnostic tool in distinguishing epileptic seizure. Chloral hydrate (CH) is a sedative hypnotic drug, commonly used as a method of sedation in children aged<3 yr. Furthermore, diphenhydramine (DH) is a first generation antihistaminic drug (H1 receptor blocker) with anti-cholinergic effect.

Anthropometric Indices in Children With Refractory Epilepsy.

Objective: We aimed to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) on reducing the risk of refractory seizure due to lipoid tissue factors.

Materials & Methods: This matched case-control study, consisted of cases (Patients with refractory epilepsy) and controls (Healthy children) referred to 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran during 2013-2014. Data were gathered by a form including demographic characteristics, type of epilepsy, predominant time of epilepsy, therapeutic approach, frequency of epilepsy, time of disease onset and anthropometric indices.

A report of guillain-barré syndrome with myalgia and mild weakness.

We report a rare case that revealed severe myalgia as the chief complaint that is not mentioned in the list of frequent symptoms of Guillain Barré. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP).Required features for diagnosis of GBS are progressive motor weakness of more than one limb and areflexia.