Dual effect of bombesin and gastrin releasing peptide on gastric emptying in conscious cats.

The effect of bombesin (BBS) and gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) on gastric emptying was studied in conscious cats. This effect was measured simultaneously with antral motility. Acid and pepsin secretions as well as blood hormonal peptide release were additionally measured.

Effect of porcine gastrin releasing peptide on gastric secretion and motility and the release of hormonal peptides in conscious cats.

The effect of porcine gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) was compared to those of bombesin (BBS) and pentagastrin (PG) in conscious cats. GRP and BBS augmented acid and pepsin secretions, as well as antral motility with an early effect comparable to that produced by pentagastrin with an elevation of low amplitude contractions and a diminution of high amplitude contractions. BBS and GRP increased plasma gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) levels and decreased motilin levels measured by a C terminus-directed antiserum.

Circannual and circa-hemiannual rhythms of basal and stimulated gastric secretion in conscious cats.

Conscious cats equipped with a gastric fistula and a denervated Heidenhain pouch were submitted to weekly measurements of the basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion for 1 to 14 years. Rhythms of basal secretion were documented in 37 cats for the group studies, in 25 cats only for the individual studies which required at least whole year data. Twelve-month or 6-month rhythms were detected for each variable studied, i.

Effects of proximal gastric vagotomy on gastric secretory and plasma hormonal responses to sham feeding in patients with duodenal ulcers.

The effects of proximal gastric vagotomy on the gastric secretion of acid and pepsin, and on the release of gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide in response to sham feeding were assessed comparatively within 1-4 months after surgery in 32 male duodenal ulcer patients. Each test comprised three successive periods: basal, modified sham feeding (MSF) and pentagastrin stimulation. In each test period the acid output was strongly correlated with the corresponding pepsin output, both parameters being reduced to similar extents after vagotomy.

Comparative effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and secretin on exocrine pancreatic secretion in the cat.

The stimulatory effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and secretin has been compared on exocrine pancreatic secretion in anaesthetized cats. Both peptides were given by bolus intravenous injection and continuous intravenous infusion. After bolus injection, VIP stimulated pancreatic secretion only weakly.

Patterns of electrical activity in the digestive tract of the conscious cat.

1. Bipolar electrodes were permanently implanted on the gastric antrum, and on the different portions of the small intestine of each of eleven healthy adult cats receiving one meal daily. All parts of the feline gut exhibited, as in several other species, regular slow waves and alternate periods of quiescence and electrical spiking activity during the recording sessions lasting from 10 to 30 d.

Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on gastric secretion in the cat.

The effects of porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide on the acid and pepsin secretions from denervated gastric pouches and innervated stomach were studied in conscious cats both in basal conditions and after stimulation with pentagastrin, histamine, or a liver meal. In contrast with the well-known inhibitory effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on acid and pepsin secretions in dogs, the peptide induced in cats an increase of the acid and pepsin responses to pentagastrin and an increase of the gastric mucosal blood flow as determined by aminopyrine clearance. Vasoactive intestinal peptide similarly enhanced the acid and pepsin responses to a liver meal in spite of a significant inhibition of the postprandial release of gastrin.

Effect of somatostatin on the secretin-induced gastric secretions of pepsin and mucus in cats.

The effect of somatostatin 14 on gastric stimulation produced by secretin was determined in 6 conscious cats equipped with a gastric fistula and a denervated fundic pouch. Somatostatin strongly inhibited the basal and secretin-induced pepsin secretion. It did not, however, inhibit the secretin-induced mucus secretion, even though it decreased the basal mucus secretion.

Effect of bombesin on gastric secretion and motility in the cat.

The effect of bombesin on acid and pepsin secretion and antral motility was compared to that of pentagastrin in conscious cats. Bombesin stimulated acid secretion to 65% of the maximal response to pentagastrin but induced a stronger pepsin secretion than any dose of pentagastrin. As to antral motility, bombesin first induced an effect comparable to that of pentagastrin, with an increase of low-amplitude and a decrease of high-amplitude contractions.

Further purification of gastrozymin and spectrum of activities.

Gastrozymin differed from secretin in several chromatographic and solubility characteristics. However, it showed a spectrum of activities which resembled those of secretin, including stimulation of pepsin, hepatic bile secretion, and pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. This study revealed differences in the quantitative ratios of these activities when induced by secretin or gastrozymin.

Sorbin, a peptide contained in porcine upper small intestine which induces the absorption of water and sodium in the rat duodenum.

A fraction increasing water and sodium absorption in rat duodenum was detected in the material obtained at an early stage of purification of the hitherto isolated duodenal hormones. In Wistar rats, duodenal loops were made in situ and filled with a solution containing 0.138 mM NaCl, with 14C PEG and 22Na as markers; the final content was collected after 1 h and the movements of water and Na measured.

Effect of pentagastrin, secretin and cholecystokinin on intestinal water and sodium absorption in the rat.

To test the effect of pentagastrin, secretin and cholecystokinin on intestinal absorption of water and sodium, duodenal , jejunal and ileal loops were prepared in situ in fasted rats, filled with NaCl solution containing 14C PEG and 22Na as markers. Hormones were given by intracardiac injection, the content of the loops was collected 1 h later. In control rats, water and sodium absorption were 5, 30 and 50% of the injected quantities in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, respectively.

Effect of cholecystokinin and pentagastrin on motility and gastric secretion in the cat.

The effects of cholecystokinin (CCK; 0.25-16 IDU kg-1h-1), synthetic octapeptide of CCK (OP-CCK; 0.5-2 microgram kg-1h-1) and pentagastrin (0.

Entero-oxyntin: a stimulant of gastric acid secretion extracted from porcine intestine.

A peptide that further augments gastric acid secretion in cats, maximally stimulated by pentagastrin, was identified in porcine upper small intestine. Since the peptide stimulated basal and maximally pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion to the same extent, it appears to act on a receptor different from the gastrin receptor and thus may be designated entero-oxyntin, a mediator of the intestinal phase of acid secretion.

A gastrin releasing peptide from the porcine nonantral gastric tissue.

This paper presents evidence for the existence in extracts from porcine non-antral gastric tissue of a peptide capable of causing substantial rises of plasma immunoreactive gastrin levels in a dose dependent manner and of stimulation of gastric acid and pepsin secretion. Obtained data show that the peptide is basic and that its gastrin releasing properties are at least partially resistant to atropinisation and beta-receptor blockade. Antrectomy almost eliminates the rise in plasma IRGa when the peptide is administered.

Effect of secretin, glucagon and VIP on gallbladder contraction.

The effects on gallbladder contraction of three structurally related peptides, secretin, glucagon and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) have been compared in urethane-anesthetized guinea pigs. Secretin and glucagon had no effect alone but augmented cholecystokinin (CCK)-induced contractions. VIP decreased CCK-induced contractions.

A fraction isolated from porcine upper small intestine stimulating pepsin secretion in the cat.

The preliminary purification of a material, apparently distinct from any hitherto isolated gastrointestinal hormone, with pepsin release stimulating activity in the cat is described. This material has shown no inhibitory effect on pentagastrin-stimulated secretion of acid, no effect of its own on gastric acid secretion and antral motility, and only a weak stimulatory effect on pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate.

Effect of duodenal acidification on gastric mucus and acid secretion in conscious cats.

In cats with gastric fistulae and Heidenhein pouches, the effect of acid entering the duodenum on secretion of acid, pepsin, and mucus from the Heidenhain pouch during maximal acid stimulation with pentagastrin or histamine, was studied. Duodenal acidification produced stimulation of pepsin and mucus secretion comparable to that induced by exogenous hormones (secretin and the combination of secretin with cholecystokinin). In addition, duodenal acidification caused an increase in acid secretion, thus suggesting that, in addition to secretin and cholecystokinin, a factor that stimulates acid secretion was also released by acid.