Fast method for longitudinal relaxation time and water content mapping of the human brain on a clinical MR scanner.

Background: Longitudinal relaxation time (T(1)) map generation from human brain slices renders possible the in vivo follow-up of the changes in T(1) values during the course of several pathologies such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury etc. T(1) values can be converted to water contents, thus brain oedema reducing therapy can be non-invasively evaluated. The purpose of the study was to work out a fast and simple MRI method to obtain T(1) and water maps of the human brain.

Occurrence of osteopenia among adolescent girls with oligo/amenorrhea.

The occurrence of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) among adolescent girls with oligomenorrhea or secondary amenorrhea, due to 'pure' dysfunction of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis (without anorexia nervosa, excessive sport or ballet, slimming diet, etc.) was examined. The study group consisted of 19 adolescent girls (age 16-18 years) with oligo/amenorrhea.

[Lower bone density (osteopenia) in adolescent girls with oligomenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea].

Occurrence of reduced BMD among adolescent girls and young women due to certain specific oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea (anorexia nervosa, excessive sport or ballet, etc.) is well known. However the prevalence of osteopenia among 16-18 years old girls with the cycle disorders mentioned above--caused by "pure" hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian insufficiency--is not yet sufficiently examined.

[The role of computerized tomography in the staging of lung cancer].

Staging of lung cancer place significant role in the prognosis and treatment of the disease. Beside bronchoscopy, CT one of the important method for the tumor staging. 135 CT examinations with diagnosis of suspected lung cancer were evaluated and radiologic diagnosis was compared with the cyto-histological and surgical results.

[Sedation and sleep induction instead of anesthesia in infants and young children during CT and MRI examinations].

The authors recommend a simple, safe method to the CT and MR examinations of babies and young children instead of general anaesthesia. They performed 51 examinations (CT: 23, MRI: 28 cases, skul: 36, spine: 3, hip: 2, chest: 1, abdomen: 9) with this method and give an account of favourable results.

[First experiences with intraperitoneal chemotherapy].

Four patients suffering from malignant ascites were treated with the following method: peritoneal lavage and consequent injection of Mitomycin-C (20 mg/body surface m2) was performed for six hours via a catheter put into the peritoneal cavity according to Seldinger's method. One patient died three weeks later because of involvement of other organs by the disease. The other patients have been followed-up ever since for 7, 4 and 3 months now.

[Experiences with the use of ioxithalamate (Telebrix)].

The effects of Ioxitalamate/Telebrix-BYK GULDEN were tested for excretion urography and various angiographic applications and in animal experiments (selective renal angiography in 36 dogs). The contrast medium was well tolerated and the radiographs were of good quality. Significant effects were not detected, neither in blood pressure, heart rate and ECG, nor in Se-creatinine, nor in UN-, SGOT and Se-bilirubin values.

[Significance of low osmolarity contrast media in state of the art roentgen diagnosis].

The authors used low-osmolality contrast material intravascularly in 546 patients, in 371 cases ioxaglate, in 80 patients iopamidol and in 95 iohexol. On each occasion good detail-rich pictures were obtained. Sensation of heat was indicated only by 1 patient (iopamidol), pain by 7 patients (ioxaglate 4, iohexol 2, iopamidol 1).

Experience with low osmolar contrast media a clinical and experimental study.

Low-osmolar contrast media were used in 546 patients: 371 with ioxaglate, 80 with iopamidol, 95 with iohexol. The image quality was good in all cases. Heat was observed in one patient (iopamidol) and pain was observed in 7 patients (ioxaglate: 4, iopamidol: 1, iohexol: 2).

Transcatheter embolization for the control of posttraumatic hemobilia.

Angiography is the definitive diagnostic procedure for the patient with haemobilia. As well as giving precise localisation of the source of the haemorrhage, it provides an effective alternative to surgery for its control. In a case discussed, the bleeding sites were identified by angiography, and the bleeding was controlled by transcatheter embolisation.

[Value of angiography in hemangiopericytomas].

Haemangiopericytoma is a rare type of tumour which mostly develops in the soft parts. The article reports on the manifestations of one tumour each in the thigh and pelvis. The angiogram shows displacement of the major arteries, the tumour-supplying vessels penetrate into the growth by means of one or several peduncles, and intensive coloration takes place during the parenchyma phase.

[Ioxaglic acid, a contrast medium with low osmolarity in clinical use].

The article reports on the clinical use of sodium and meglumine ioxaglate/Hexabrix, an angiographic contrast medium of low osmolarity. Due to this low osmolarity, favourable experiences were collected in 287 angiographic examinations. Special attention was paid to the question to what extent the contrast medium was responsible for pain, and it was found that Hexabrix definitely causes less pain than the tri-iodated conventional contrast media.