Circulating 18-Glycosyl Hydrolase Protein Chitiotriosidase-1 is Associated with Renal Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammation in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Chitotriosidase-1 (CHIT-1) is a marker of macrophage activation and recently attributed to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its role in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been sparsely discussed in the recent literature.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional exploratory study, 81 participants with T2DM were classified into two groups based on the presence of DKD.

Association of elevated extracellular HSP72 in albuminuria with systemic inflammation and disease progression in type 2 diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Sub-clinical inflammation in hyperglycemia is tied to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Though well known for its immunostimulatory function, the significance of extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHSP72) in DKD is not well studied. We aimed to determine the association of extracellular HSP72 with systemic inflammation and the progression of DKD, and explore its possible clinical significance in DKD.

Utility of Urinary Nephrin in Patients With and Without Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Correlation With Albuminuria.

Introduction Nephrin is a podocyte-specific protein that may serve as a urinary biomarker in patients with diabetic nephropathy. The objectives of the study were to determine urinary nephrin levels in patients with and without type 2 diabetic nephropathy and to assess the correlation between urinary nephrin and albuminuria. Methods This was a cross-sectional comparative study that was carried out at Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry over 18 months.

Circulating adropin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 levels in age-related macular degeneration and T2DM patients-A cross-sectional study.

Background: Macular drusen formation and angiogenesis are the two chief processes associated with age-related macular degeneration. Adropin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) may be involved in these pathologies. By altering lipid metabolism, adropin may contribute in the early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Association of serum omentin-1, apelin and chemerin concentrations with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Omentin-1 is a novel adipokine with anti-inflammatory functions. Apelin is associated with hyperinsulinemia and pathological angiogenesis. Chemerin has both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions and implicated in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

Community Acquired AKI: A Prospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Level Hospital in Southern India.

Introduction: Pattern of acute kidney injury (AKI) differs vastly from region to region in India. Moreover, prospective data on community-acquired AKI (CAAKI) using the KDIGO criteria for AKI are limited. Our objective was to study the etiology, clinical characteristics, and short-term outcome of CAAKI in adults.

Wilson's disease - A rare cause of renal tubular acidosis with metabolic bone disease.

We report a 16-year-old boy who presented with weakness of lower limbs. He was diagnosed to have Wilson's disease, renal tubular acidosis and osteoporosis. Screening of siblings showed that his younger sister was also affected by the disease.

Recent advances in the management of Plasmodium knowlesi infection.

Plasmodium knowlesi (P. knowlesi) has been detected to be the fifth malarial parasite that can cause malaria in human beings. The parasite is known to commonly infect macaque monkeys.

A fatal case of bone marrow embolism of unknown cause masquerading clinically as dengue shock syndrome.

Bone marrow fat embolism usually occurs following multiple bone fractures, intraosseous surgical procedures, following vigorous cardiac resuscitation, ecclampsia, sickle cell anemia, malignancies, etc. We present a case of 70-year-old male who presented with fever, cough with expectoration, respiratory distress, altered sensorium, hypotension and thrombocytopenia, and diagnosed to have dengue shock syndrome and expired within 1 day of admission. Postmortem lung biopsy revealed bone marrow fat embolism.