Loss of the tumour suppressor LKB1/STK11 uncovers a leptin-mediated sensitivity mechanism to mitochondrial uncouplers for targeted cancer therapy.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes one of the deadliest and most common malignancies. The LKB1/STK11 tumour suppressor is mutated in ∼ 30% of NSCLCs, typically lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD). We implemented zebrafish and human lung organoids as synergistic platforms to pre-clinically screen for metabolic compounds selectively targeting LKB1-deficient tumours.

Elevated peripheral blood monocyte count is associated with prolonged postoperative hospitalization and functional decline in patients with interstitial lung diseases undergoing surgical lung biopsy.

Objective: Monocyte count and red cell distribution width (RDW) have shown prognostic potential in patients with fibrotic lung diseases. Their kinetics and prognostic usefulness of peripheral blood indices in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) undergoing surgical lung biopsy for diagnostic reasons have not been studied.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively included consecutive patients with ILD who underwent surgical lung biopsy for diagnostic purposes Between 07/11/2019 and 11/10/2022.

COVID-19 Patients Presenting with Post-Intubation Upper Airway Complications: A Parallel Epidemic?

During the current pandemic, we witnessed a rise of post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) in patients intubated due to COVID-19. We prospectively analyzed data from patients referred to our institution during the last 18 months for severe symptomatic post-intubation upper airway complications. Interdisciplinary bronchoscopic and/or surgical management was offered.

Lung tumor MHCII immunity depends on in situ antigen presentation by fibroblasts.

A key unknown of the functional space in tumor immunity is whether CD4 T cells depend on intratumoral MHCII cancer antigen recognition. MHCII-expressing, antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts (apCAFs) have been found in breast and pancreatic tumors and are considered to be immunosuppressive. This analysis shows that antigen-presenting fibroblasts are frequent in human lung non-small cell carcinomas, where they seem to actively promote rather than suppress MHCII immunity.

Generation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts to Study Intratumor Heterogeneity.

Recent advances in sequencing technologies have allowed the in-depth molecular study of tumors, even at the single cell level. Sequencing efforts have uncovered a previously unappreciated heterogeneity among tumor cells, which has been postulated to be the driving force of tumor evolution and to facilitate recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the current study, focused on early-stage operable non-small cell lung cancer, we used tumor growth in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in mice as a fast-forward tumor evolution process to investigate the molecular characteristics of tumor cells that grow in mice, as well as the parameters that affect the grafting efficiency.

A 63-Year-Old Woman With Pulmonary Micronodules and Chronic Cough.

A 63-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of nonproductive cough. She denied the presence of shortness of breath, chest pain, arthralgia, muscle weakness, weight loss, night sweats, and fatigue. She was a never smoker and had a history of arterial hypertension and diabetes.

Castleman's disease - a diagnostic dilemma.

Castleman's disease is a benign lymphoproliferative disease characterised by hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles. It can affect any lymph nodes in the body. Here we describe a caucasian patient who presented with six months history of shortness of breath with CT scan confirming an 8 cm segment of consolidated lung in left hilum.

Multicenter international randomized comparison of objective and subjective outcomes between electronic and traditional chest drainage systems.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of digital versus traditional drainage devices on chest tube removal and patient satisfaction.

Methods: A randomized trial of digital versus traditional devices after lobectomy/segmentectomy was conducted at 4 international centers (United Kingdom, Europe, Asia, United States). Patients were managed with overnight suction followed by gravity drainage.

Thymoma and myasthenia gravis: clinical aspects and prognosis.

Myasthenia gravis is present in a significant proportion of patients with thymoma. We investigated particular features of the clinical behavior of thymoma and its relationship to myasthenia in a retrospective study of 79 patients who underwent thymectomy for thymoma during the last 20 years. The presence of myasthenia gravis, Masaoka stage, World Health Organization histotype, myasthenia response, and survival were analyzed.