Contrasted agronomical and physiological responses of five genotypes under soil water deficit in field conditions.

Introduction: Breeding programs have developed high-yielding Coffea arabica F1-hybrids as an adaptation against adverse conditions associated with climate change. However, theresponse to drought of coffee F1 hybrids has seldom been assessed.

Methods: A trial was established with five C.

"« Coffee agroforestry business-driven clusters »: an innovative social and environmental organisational model for coffee farm renovation.

Worldwide coffee production, especially Arabica coffee, is threatened by climatic change, plants diseases and vulnerability of smallholders. Meanwhile, consumers' demand for socially and environmentally sustainable products is steadily increasing, driving the engagement of stakeholders in agro-ecological and social initiatives. Here we present a new organizational model, the "Coffee agroforestry business-driven cluster" (CaFC), which aims at preserving ecosystems while offering producers a fair income.

Combined effects of shade and drought on physiology, growth, and yield of mature cocoa trees.

Climate models predict decreasing precipitation and increasing air temperature, causing concern for the future of cocoa in the major producing regions worldwide. It has been suggested that shade could alleviate stress by reducing radiation intensity and conserving soil moisture, but few on-farm cocoa studies are testing this hypothesis. Here, for 33 months, we subjected twelve-year cocoa plants in Ghana to three levels of rainwater suppression (full rainwater, 1/3 rainwater suppression and 2/3 rainwater suppression) under full sun or 40 % uniform shade in a split plot design, monitoring soil moisture, physiological parameters, growth, and yield.

Impact of prenatal estimation of the risk of respiratory distress in neonates with congenital pulmonary malformations on the choice of delivery site.

Background: The vast majority of prenatally diagnosed congenital pulmonary malformations (CPM) remain asymptomatic at birth. The maximal value of the CPM volume ratio (CVRmax) predicts the risk of neonatal respiratory distress (NRD), and should allow for better assessment of the level of expertise needed at the delivery site.

Aim: This study evaluated the level of maternity units currently chosen for the delivery of CPMs, and determined the impact of the choice of delivery site based on the CVRmax, with a threshold of 0.

Surgical Risk Factors for Delayed Oral Feeding Autonomy in Patients with Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare disease associated with major nutritional and digestive morbidities. Oral feeding autonomy remains a major issue for the care and management of these patients. The aim of this study was to specify the perinatal risk factors of delayed oral feeding autonomy in patients treated for CDH.

Genetic-environment interactions and climatic variables effect on bean physical characteristics and chemical composition of Coffea arabica.

Background: The effects of the environment and genotype in the coffee bean chemical composition were studied using nine trials covering an altitudinal gradient [600-1100 m above sea level (a.s.l.

Fetal Lung Volume Appears to Predict Respiratory Morbidity in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory morbidity. To assess whether respiratory morbidity during the first 2 years of life in infants with left-sided CDH is associated with fetal lung volume (FLV) evaluated by the observed-to-expected FLV ratio (o/e FLV) on antenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this retrospective study, o/e FLV measures were collected.

Anti-RH1 alloimmunization: At what maternal antibody threshold is there a risk of severe fetal anemia?

Background: To define a threshold of maternal antibodies at risk of severe fetal anemia in patients followed for anti-RH1 alloimmunization (AI).

Study, Design, And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients followed for anti-RH1 AI at the Lille University Hospital. The first group, severe anemia, included patients who received one or more in utero transfusions (IUT) or who were induced before 37 weeks of pregnancy for suspected severe fetal anemia.

Systemic Inflammation Is Associated with Pulmonary Hypertension in Isolated Giant Omphalocele: A Population-Based Study.

Our objective is to determine perinatal factors contributing to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with isolated giant omphaloceles (GO). All cases of omphaloceles that underwent prenatal and postnatal care at the University Hospital of Lille between 1996 and 2021 were reviewed. We included all infants with isolated GO, including at least a part of the liver, who were treated by delayed surgical closure.

Antenatal Assessment of the Prognosis of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Ethical Considerations and Impact for the Management.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with abnormal pulmonary development, which is responsible for pulmonary hypoplasia with structural and functional abnormalities in pulmonary circulation, leading to the failure of the cardiorespiratory adaptation at birth. Despite improvement in treatment options and advances in neonatal care, mortality remains high, at close to 15 to 30%. Several risk factors of mortality and morbidities have been validated in fetuses with CDH.

The first two non-Finnish HYLS1 variants: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of hydrolethalus syndrome.

Hydrolethalus syndrome (HLS) is a rare lethal fetal malformation disorder related to ciliogenesis disruption. This condition is more frequent in Finland where a founder missense variant in the HYLS1 gene was identified. No other HYLS1 variant has hitherto been implicated in HLS.

Efficacy of Intact Cord Resuscitation Compared to Immediate Cord Clamping on Cardiorespiratory Adaptation at Birth in Infants with Isolated Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CHIC).

Resuscitation at birth of infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) remains highly challenging because of severe failure of cardiorespiratory adaptation at birth. Usually, the umbilical cord is clamped immediately after birth. Delaying cord clamping while the resuscitation maneuvers are started may: (1) facilitate blood transfer from placenta to baby to augment circulatory blood volume; (2) avoid loss of venous return and decrease in left ventricle filling caused by immediate cord clamping; (3) prevent initial hypoxemia because of sustained uteroplacental gas exchange after birth when the cord is intact.

Prenatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia: A case of triple negative screening.

Esophageal atresia (EA) is prenatally diagnosed in less than one third of the cases and is usually only suspected. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with dynamic sequence and biochemistry of the amniotic fluid have been proposed to enhance prenatal diagnosis of EA. We report the case of a triple negative screening (ultrasound, MRI with dynamic sequence and biochemistry of the amniotic fluid) with a postnatal diagnosis of EA type III with a small defect.

Does an intrauterine exchange transfusion improve the fetal prognosis in parvovirus infection cases?

Background: Almost 20% of parvovirus B19 foetal infections require intrauterine transfusions. In addition, myocardial dysfunction has been observed in severe parvovirus B19 infections. One objective of an intrauterine exchange transfusion (IUET) is to avoid an overload during the transfusion.

Using farmers' local knowledge of tree provision of ecosystem services to strengthen the emergence of coffee-agroforestry landscapes in southwest China.

Intensive monoculture coffee farms quickly expanded in Yunnan Province in the 1990's and 2000's. In 2012, local authorities in Pu'er and Xishuangbanna Prefectures, the main coffee producing centre in the province, initiated a large-scale conversion program of these farms towards coffee-agroforestry systems to promote "ecologically-friendly coffee". Shade tree inventories and household interviews were conducted in these two prefectures to characterize coffee farms and the Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) of farmers on the provision of ecosystem services by associated tree species.

Contribution of fetal brain MRI in management of severe fetal anemia.

Introduction: Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) has changed fetal anemia prognosis. However, long-term neurodevelopmental outcome is altered in 5% of children. Our objective was to study the contribution of fetal MRI to diagnosis brain lesions in case of fetal anemia.

Characterization of cocoa production, income diversification and shade tree management along a climate gradient in Ghana.

Reduced climatic suitability due to climate change in cocoa growing regions of Ghana is expected in the coming decades. This threatens farmers' livelihood and the cocoa sector. Climate change adaptation requires an improved understanding of existing cocoa production systems and farmers' coping strategies.

Multi-scale measurements show limited soil greenhouse gas emissions in Kenyan smallholder coffee-dairy systems.

Efforts have been made in recent years to improve knowledge about soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from sub-Saharan Africa. However, data on soil GHG emissions from smallholder coffee-dairy systems have not hitherto been measured experimentally. This study aimed to quantify soil GHG emissions at different spatial and temporal scales in smallholder coffee-dairy farms in Murang'a County, Central Kenya.

Review shows that implementing a nationwide protocol for congenital diaphragmatic hernia was a key factor in reducing mortality and morbidity.

Unlabelled: The French Rare Disease Reference Center for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) was created in 2008, to implement a national protocol for foetuses and children with this serious condition. Neonatal mortality from CDH is 30-40%, mainly due to pulmonary hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension, and half of those who live have high respiratory, nutritional and digestive morbidity. CDH management requires long-term and specialised multidisciplinary care.

Cocoa agroforestry is less resilient to sub-optimal and extreme climate than cocoa in full sun.

Cocoa agroforestry is perceived as potential adaptation strategy to sub-optimal or adverse environmental conditions such as drought. We tested this strategy over wet, dry and extremely dry periods comparing cocoa in full sun with agroforestry systems: shaded by (i) a leguminous tree species, Albizia ferruginea and (ii) Antiaris toxicaria, the most common shade tree species in the region. We monitored micro-climate, sap flux density, throughfall, and soil water content from November 2014 to March 2016 at the forest-savannah transition zone of Ghana with climate and drought events during the study period serving as proxy for projected future climatic conditions in marginal cocoa cultivation areas of West Africa.