Phytotoxic Strains of Isolated from Truffles.

Most species are known as endophytes and/or phytopathogens of higher plants and have a worldwide distribution. Recently, information discovered with molecular tools has been also published about the presence of these fungi in the microbiome of truffle fruiting bodies. In the present work, we isolated and identified three strains from truffle fruiting bodies.

Current Trends in Metal Biomining with a Focus on Genomics Aspects and Attention to Arsenopyrite Leaching-A Review.

The presented review is based on scientific microbiological articles and patents in the field of biomining valuable metals. The main attention is paid to publications of the last two decades, which illustrate some shifts in objects of interest and modern trends both in general and applied microbiology. The review demonstrates that microbial bioleaching continues to develop actively, despite various problems in its industrial application.

Biogeotechnology, Biocorrosion, and Remediation-Three Areas of Modern Applied Environmental Microbiology.

For many years, medical microbiology and food microbiology have been the most studied areas of microbial biology [...

Intensification of Nickel Bioleaching with Neutrophilic Bacteria as an Approach to Limitation of Sulfuric Acid Pollution.

Hydrometallurgical production of valuable and non-ferrous metals is traditionally accompanied with acid waste effluents/acid mine drainage leading to acidification of the mining areas. The traditional cause of this pollution is the well-known technology based on the recovery of metals with acid solutions and the application of strong acidophilic leaching bacteria for the oxidation of sulfide ores. In our experiments, we used neutrophilic autotrophic bacteria (NAB) stimulated with formic acid or coupled with acidophilic bacteria.

Intracellular Sulfur Inclusions: Source of Energy or Heater?

There are various groups of bacteria which receive energy from oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds. Some of them produce elemental sulfur as an intermediate product and deposit it outside their cells. The group "sulfur bacteria" was described by their ability to produce intracellular sulfur inclusions.

Evaluation of red-colored carotenoids in yeasts by the biomass color.

Production of carotenoids with red yeasts is a promising area of industrial biotechnology. All spectrophotometrical ("classic") analyses of carotenoids are based on preliminary extraction of the water-insoluble carotenoids; thus, these analyses are precise but complicated and time consuming. This paper presents a simple method to evaluate the red-colored carotenoids in yeast biomass by its color, without extraction.

Hypothesis: Bacteria benefiting from electromagnetic field in peripheral neuropathy.

Recent research has already been shown widespread locations of bacteria in various tissues and organs of a healthy host organism. These bacteria (hereinafter referred to as persistent microbiota, PM) cause neither noticeable destruction nor toxins production - no immune response can be noticed either. The role of the PM is unknown.

Effect of Fe on inorganic polyphosphate level in autotrophic and heterotrophic cells of Rhodospirillum rubrum.

Inorganic polyphosphate is involved in metal homeostasis in microorganisms. The aim of the study was to reveal differences in polyphosphate metabolism of Rhodospirillum rubrum under autotrophic and heterotrophic cultivation in the presence of Fe (2.3 mg Fe L) and without Fe (traces).

The role of cupric ions in the oxidative dissolution process of marmatite: A dependence on Cu concentration.

Cupric ions (Cu) play an important role in the oxidative dissolution process of marmatite in an acidic environment. In this work, dissolution experiments and numerous analytical techniques were utilized to investigate the role of Cu in the oxidative dissolution process of marmatite in sulfuric acid. The dissolution experiments showed that the role of Cu is significantly dependent on its concentration.

Separation of cells in density gradients with temporary solidification of the gradient: Application to Escherichia coli forms obtained by microwave treatment of pure cultures.

Gelatin added in certain concentration into the density gradient mixtures allows to solidify and melt the gradient reversibly. Such a method was applied to separation of partially disintegrated Escherichia coli VKM B-125 cells in discontinuous sucrose gradient which was optimized to obtain small round "nano-cells" free from other cell components. Gelatin added to the sucrose solutions had the advantages: i) accurate gradient layers were formed, ii) gelatin did not interfere with the cells and sub-particles during centrifugation, iii) solidified gelatin allowed to cut out the separated cell components, and iv) gelatin allowed to prepare ready-made solidified gradient centrifugation tubes into storage.

Effects of combined magnetic fields on bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum VKM B-1621.

Bacteria are the simplest model of living organisms and thus are a convenient object for magnetobiological research. This paper describes some effects of combined magnetic fields (CMFs) on the bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum strain VKM B-1621, which is not a pathogen but was selected due to its wide spectrum of growth abilities. The authors chose magnetic field-resonant phosphorus and iron (Fe ) because P-containing biochemical compounds (standard abbreviations PP , AMP, ADP, ATP) provide energy flows in bacteria while iron could take part in formation of magnetosensitive intracellular inclusions.

The biosorption of cadmium and cobalt and iron ions by yeast Cryptococcus humicola at nitrogen starvation.

Yeasts Cryptococcus humicola accumulated cadmium, cobalt, and iron (~ 50, 17, and 4% of the content in the medium, respectively) from the medium containing glucose, phosphate, and 2 mmol/L of metal salts. The effects of metal absorption on the levels of orthophosphate (Pi) and inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) varied for the metals under study. The levels of Pi and polyP increased in the case of cadmium and cobalt, respectively.

Application of static and impulse magnetic fields to bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum VKM B-1621.

The paper presents effects of different magnetic fields (MFs) (static-SMF and impulse-IMF) on bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum VKM B-1621. The MFs had different magnetic strength: SMF-up to 173 mT; IMF-25 mT. The studied object was amylase activity which was measured by decrease in the starch concentration during incubation in the MFs.

Application of organic acids for plant protection against phytopathogens.

The basic tendency in the field of plant protection concerns with reducing the use of pesticides and their replacement by environmentally acceptable biological preparations. The most promising approach to plant protection is application of microbial metabolites. In the last years, bactericidal, fungicidal, and nematodocidal activities were revealed for citric, succinic, α-ketoglutaric, palmitoleic, and other organic acids.

Suppositional area for the search of bacterial products for anticancer therapy.

It is well-known that bacteria can produce compounds which show anticancer effects. In present time, it is impossible to check all bacterial species on their possible production of anticancer compounds (AC) under different conditions. Thus, it is necessary to limit the area for search of bacterial products for the anticancer therapy.

[The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina].

The effects of pH, aeration, and temperature on the growth of fungal strain Mortierella alpina LPM-301 and the synthesis of lipids and arachidonic acid in glycerol-containing medium were studied. Arachidonic acid production in the stationary growth phase was found to depend considerably on the pH value; it reached the optimum at pH 6.0 and was irreversibly inhibited at a pH of 3.

Formate supplementation can increase nickel recovery by Halothiobacillus halophilus.

Acidophilic thiobacilli are traditional biotechnological agents for metal recovery from sulfide ores. Major industrial strains belong to autotrophic bacteria which are used without any organic supplements to stimulate the process. The autotrophic strain Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 21834 is known to use formate as a source of energy under special laboratory conditions.

Gold leaching by organic base polythionates: new non-toxic and secure technology.

The article present a review on own experimental and some published data which are related with the gold leaching. It is well-known that the most common and usual process of the leaching with cyanide can be dangerous, needs a great water consumption, and additional costs for remediation of the poisoned and toxic sites. The experimental data described production of poythionates which are not toxic but perspective for the prosperous gold leaching.

Synthesis of magneto-sensitive iron-containing nanoparticles by yeasts.

Industrial production of magneto-sensitive nanoparticles, which can be used in the production of target drug delivery carriers, is a subject of interest for biotechnology and microbiology. Synthesis of these nanoparticles by microorganisms has been described only for bacterial species. At the same time, it is well known that yeasts can form various metal-containing nanoparticles used, for instance, in semiconductors, etc.

Gender difference in calcification diseases: is it the result of gender-specific ways of nano-bacterial expansion?

Gender difference has been reported for frequency of the calcification diseases in urogenital system: according to published statistics data, they are more numerous in males. We suggest that the male increasing is due to nanobacterial infections and ways of their dissemination. There are specific gender-dependent ways for these infections which bring infection to the different target organs, namely: urinary tract, kidney, prostate in men and placenta in women.

New sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from Buryatian alkaline brackish lakes: description of Desulfonatronum buryatense sp. nov.

New strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria were isolated from two alkaline brackish lakes located in the Siberian region of Russia, namely in the Southern Transbaikalia, Buriatia. The article presents data describing morphology, physiology, and biochemical characteristics of the isolated strains. These strains Ki4, Ki5, and Su2 were mesophilic and alkaliphilic with optimal growth at pH 8.

[Biosynthesis of arachidonic acid by micromycetes (review)].

Arachidonic acid (ARA, 5,8,11,14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid) is widely used in medicine, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, dietary nutrition, agriculture, and other fields. Microbiological production of ARA is of increased interest since the natural sources (pig liver, adrenal glands, and egg-yolk) cannot satisfy its growing requirements. Mechanisms for ARA biosynthesis as well as the regulation of enzymes involved in this process are considered.

Relative quantitative PCR to assess bacterial community dynamics during biodegradation of diesel and biodiesel fuels under various aeration conditions.

The degradation of diesel fuel, B20 blend and biodiesel in liquid cultures by a seven-member bacterial consortium was compared under conditions with full aeration or with limited aeration with nitrate added as main electron acceptor. Community dynamics was assessed employing real-time PCR and the ddCt method for relative quantification. Biodegradation rates increased with increasing biodiesel content, but were significantly reduced under conditions with nitrate.

Desulfosporosinus hippei sp. nov., a mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from permafrost.

The sulfate-reducing strain 343T was isolated from ancient permafrost deposits in Siberia, Russia. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, this strain was closely related to Desulfosporosinus species, showing 97.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Desulfosporosinus meridiei DSM 13257T, 97.