Intestinal ABC transporters: Influence on the metronomic cyclophosphamide-induced toxic effect in an obese mouse mammary cancer model.

Metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) is a cancer therapeutic approach characterized by low dose drug chronic administration and limited or null toxicity. Obesity-induced metabolic alterations worsen cancer prognosis and influence the intestinal biochemical barrier, altering the Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) and Multidrug resistance protein-1 (Mdr-1), efflux pumps that transport chemotherapeutic drugs. Obesity and cancer are frequent co-morbidities; thus, our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity of MCT with cyclophosphamide (Cy) in obese mice with metabolic alterations bearing a mammary adenocarcinoma.

The TIRS trial: Enrollment procedures and baseline characterization of a pediatric cohort to quantify the epidemiologic impact of targeted indoor residual spraying on Aedes-borne viruses in Merida, Mexico.

Aedes mosquito-borne viruses (ABVs) place a substantial strain on public health resources in the Americas. Vector control of Aedes mosquitoes is an important public health strategy to decrease or prevent spread of ABVs. The ongoing Targeted Indoor Residual Spraying (TIRS) trial is an NIH-sponsored clinical trial to study the efficacy of a novel, proactive vector control technique to prevent dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections in the endemic city of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.

A hot-Jupiter progenitor on a super-eccentric retrograde orbit.

Giant exoplanets orbiting close to their host stars are unlikely to have formed in their present configurations. These 'hot Jupiter' planets are instead thought to have migrated inward from beyond the ice line and several viable migration channels have been proposed, including eccentricity excitation through angular-momentum exchange with a third body followed by tidally driven orbital circularization. The discovery of the extremely eccentric (e = 0.

Bovine oocyte activation with bull or human sperm by conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI: Its relationship with PLCɀ activity.

Background: The intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique has low efficiency in cattle. This has mainly been attributed to the oocyte activation failure due to oocyte and/or sperm factors.

Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the effect of conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI with bull or human sperm on bovine oocyte activation and embryo development and to assess its relationship with the phospholipase C zeta (PLCɀ) activity of both species.

Relative importance of intensity and spectrum of artificial light at night in disrupting behavior of a nocturnal rodent.

The influence of light spectral properties on circadian rhythms is of substantial interest to laboratory-based investigation of the circadian system and to field-based understanding of the effects of artificial light at night. The trade-offs between intensity and spectrum regarding masking behaviors are largely unknown, even for well-studied organisms. We used a custom LED illumination system to document the response of wild-type house mice (Mus musculus) to 1-h nocturnal exposure of all combinations of four intensity levels (0.

Maintaining Skin Integrity of Patients Diagnosed With SARS CoV2: A Quality Improvement Project.

Purpose: This purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop and evaluate a protocol (intervention bundle) designed to prevent pressure injuries in patients admitted with SARS-CoV2 and required prone positioning.

Participants And Setting: The sample comprised 267 patients aged 18 years and older, who were admitted with SARS-CoV2 and required prone positioning. Their age ranged from 32 to 76 years; a majority (54%, n = 145) were intubated.

Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases of different subfamilies differentially regulate SOBIR1/BAK1-mediated immune responses in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Cell-surface receptors form the front line of plant immunity. The leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-receptor-like kinases SOBIR1 and BAK1 are required for the functionality of the tomato LRR-receptor-like protein Cf-4, which detects the secreted effector Avr4 of the pathogenic fungus Fulvia fulva. Here, we show that the kinase domains of SOBIR1 and BAK1 directly phosphorylate each other and that residues Thr522 and Tyr469 of the kinase domain of Nicotiana benthamiana SOBIR1 are required for its kinase activity and for interacting with signalling partners, respectively.

Development of Flame-Retardant Polylactic Acid Formulations for Additive Manufacturing.

Polymeric materials, renowned for their lightweight attributes and design adaptability, play a pivotal role in augmenting fuel efficiency and cost-effectiveness in railway vehicle development. The tailored formulation of compounds, specifically designed for additive manufacturing, holds significant promise in expanding the use of these materials. This study centers on poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a natural-based biodegradable polymeric material incorporating diverse halogen-free flame retardants (FRs).

Evidence of Ongoing Transmission of Zika Virus in Mérida, Mexico.

Since the Zika virus (ZIKV) pandemic in 2015-2017, there has been a near absence of reported cases in the Americas outside of Brazil. However, the conditions for Aedes-borne transmission persist in Latin America, and the threat of ZIKV transmission is increasing as population immunity wanes. Mexico has reported only 70 cases of laboratory-confirmed ZIKV infection since 2020, with no cases recorded in the Yucatán peninsula.

Androgen treatment effects on neurocognition in female-to-male transgender adolescents.

Introduction: It has been hypothesized that cognitive and memory-related brain function in transgender during cross-sex hormonal treatment might be activated towards that of the subjective gender. However, research on this topic has produced inconsistent results, and to the best of our knowledge no studies have investigated neurocognitive changes in androgen-treated female-to-male (FM) transgender adolescents.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 15 FM transgender adolescents (14-17 years) underwent neuropsychological testing in order to examine the effects of androgen on visuo-spacial abilities, verbal memory language, processing speed and executive functions.

The multiple-stimulus-without-replacement preference assessment tool and its predictive validity.

This study demonstrates the use of two web-based programs, one to identify video preferences and the other to assess their reinforcing effects. We used the Multiple-Stimulus-Without-Replacement Preference Assessment Tool (MSWO PAT) to identify the video preference hierarchies of seven participants, ages 4-11 years old. We then used a customized reinforcer assessment program that arranged a concurrent-chains preparation with programmed conjugate schedules of reinforcement.

Testing the performance, adequacy, and applicability of an artificial intelligence model for pediatric pneumonia diagnosis.

Background: Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a common childhood infectious disease. Deep learning models show promise in X-ray interpretation and diagnosis, but their validation should be extended due to limitations in the current validation workflow. To extend the standard validation workflow we propose doing a pilot test with the next characteristics.

Initial culture media pH influences the antibacterial activity and metabolic footprint of BIOTECH 1900.

This study investigated the impact of initial culture media pH on the antibacterial properties and metabolic profile of cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from BIOTECH 1900 (LAB1900). The CFSs harvested from LAB1900 grown in de Man, Rogosa, Sharpe broth with initial pH of 5.5 (CFS5.

A Qualitative Study on the Implementation of the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance in Singapore.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat that affects humans, animals, and the environment across the One Health spectrum. Singapore launched its own National Strategic Action Plan (NSAP) on AMR in 2017 with the aim of tackling the growing threat of AMR in Singapore through coordinated approaches. However, little is known about the implementation of the NSAP.

Protective role of stratum corneum in percutaneous Leptospira infection in a hamster model.

Leptospira enters humans and animals through injured skin or mucous membranes by direct or indirect contact with urine excreted from infected reservoirs. Individuals with cut or scratched skin are at high risk of infection and are recommended to be protected from contact with Leptospira, but the risk of infection via skin without apparent wounds is unknown. We hypothesized that the stratum corneum of the epidermis might prevent percutaneous invasion of leptospires.

Genetic Diversity and Dispersal of DENGUE Virus among Three Main Island Groups of the Philippines during 2015-2017.

Dengue has been one of the major public health concerns in the Philippines for more than a century. The annual dengue case burden has been increasing in recent years, exceeding 200,000 in 2015 and 2019. However, there is limited information on the molecular epidemiology of dengue in the Philippines.

Downregulation of intestinal multidrug resistance transporter 1 in obese mice: Effect on its barrier function and role of TNF-α receptor 1 signaling.

Objectives: Multidrug resistance transporter 1 (Mdr-1) is a relevant component of the intestinal transcellular barrier that decreases absorption of oral drugs, thus modulating their bioavailability. Obese patients with metabolic disorders take medications that are subjected to intestinal metabolism and the Mdr-1-dependent barrier. This study evaluated the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD; 40% fat for 16 wk) on Mdr-1 expression and transport activity in C57BL/6 (C57) male mice.

Synthesis of Micro- and Mesoporous Carbon Foams with Nanodispersed Metals for Adsorption and Catalysis Applications.

This work focuses on carbon foams, whose peculiarity is a predominant open macroporous cellular network that can be provided with tailored texture and morphology by the modification of the preparation process. The goal was to obtain macroporous carbonaceous structures capable of being activated by following a simple thermo-foaming procedure using a few reagents. With this purpose in mind, carbon foams with different textural properties were synthesized from sucrose using two foaming processes: at atmospheric pressure and in a pressurized reactor.

Urinary glucocorticoids in harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups during rehabilitation.

The glucocorticoid (GC) hormone cortisol is often measured in seals to indicate their stress levels, although other endogenous GCs are usually overlooked. We investigated concentrations of four endogenous GCs in the urine of "orphan" harbour seal pups in rehabilitation. We hypothesised that the GC levels would be elevated if pups were socially isolated, without water access, and with low body mass.

Dietary ketosis improves circadian dysfunction as well as motor symptoms in the BACHD mouse model of Huntington's disease.

Disturbances in sleep/wake cycles are common among patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's disease (HD) and represent an appealing target for chrono-nutrition-based interventions. In the present work, we sought to determine whether a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet would ameliorate the symptoms and delay disease progression in the BACHD mouse model of HD. Adult WT and BACHD male mice were fed a normal or a ketogenic diet (KD) for 3 months.

Spontaneous rhythm discrimination in a mammalian vocal learner.

Rhythm and vocal production learning are building blocks of human music and speech. Vocal learning has been hypothesized as a prerequisite for rhythmic capacities. Yet, no mammalian vocal learner but humans have shown the capacity to flexibly and spontaneously discriminate rhythmic patterns.

EDS1 complexes are not required for PRR responses and execute TNL-ETI from the nucleus in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Heterodimeric complexes incorporating the lipase-like proteins EDS1 with PAD4 or SAG101 are central hubs in plant innate immunity. EDS1 functions encompass signal relay from TIR domain-containing intracellular NLR-type immune receptors (TNLs) towards RPW8-type helper NLRs (RNLs) and, in Arabidopsis thaliana, bolstering of signaling and resistance mediated by cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Increasing evidence points to the activation of EDS1 complexes by small molecule binding.

Comprehensive and systematic characterization of multi-functionalized cisplatin nano-conjugate: from the chemistry and proteomic biocompatibility to the animal model.

Background: Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) have evolved as multifunctional systems combining different custom anchorages which opens a wide range of applications in biomedical research. Thus, their pharmacological involvements require more comprehensive analysis and novel nanodrugs should be characterized by both chemically and biological point of view. Within the wide variety of biocompatible nanosystems, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) present mostly of the required features which make them suitable for multifunctional NPs with many biopharmaceutical applications.