Cryopreservation: an optimizing factor for therapeutic potential of fetoplacental complex products.

The therapeutic potential of cryopreserved fetoplacental complex cells (FPCP) has been explored for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune hemolytical anemia (AIHA). In this study, a murine AIHA model was utilized to investigate the application of cryopreserved fetal liver cells (cFLC), from varying gestation intervals (14 and 19 postcoital days) to correct the functional state of the lymphohemopoietic complex (LHPC). The results demonstrate that cryopreservation had little negative effect on FLC-14 corrective ability from that of nonfrozen FLC-14.

The influence of 1-10 kD fraction from brains of the hibernating ground squirrel and the Yakut horse on proliferation and protein synthesizing system of Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells.

The experimental data presented in the work testify to the cytostatic activity of 1-10 kD polypeptide fractions from brains of the hibernating ground squirrel and the Yakut horse towards Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma (EAC) cells. The experiments on the investigation of the inhibiting influence of 1-10 kD fractions from tissues of the hibernating and cold-adapted animals on protein-synthesizing system of EAC cells allow us to conclude that the cytostatic effect of the fractions is effected at the genetic level in the tumor cells.

Cryopreservation of human sperm using rapid cooling rates.

The effect of cryopreservation on human spermatozoa has been investigated during the past few decades. The majority of current cryopreservation protocols are carried-out using low cooling rates. However, theoretical calculations have shown that for human spermatozoa an optimal cooling rate is about 7,000 C/min.

The incidence of mitotic abnormalities in cryopreserved eight-cell early and compacted mouse embryos.

The effects of slow freezing-rapid thawing on viability and chromosomal complement of eight-cell early and eight-cell compacted mouse embryos were investigated. The abnormalities connected with damage to the mitotic apparatus, and with chromosome damage were investigated in cryopreserved embryos by cytological analysis. The embryos were preserved using 1M glycerol as cryoprotectant and a slow cooling regime to -30 degrees C before transfer to liquid nitrogen.

Use of sperm stored under hypothermic conditions for reinsemination of unfertilized oocytes in an IVF programme.

The work describes the data on the selection of optimal hypothermic storage for progressively moving fraction of human spermatozoa isolated from ejaculate. Results were analysed by assessing sperm motility, oocyte fertilization rate, and embryonic development after re-insemination of unfertilized oocytes by spermatozoa stored under hypothermic conditions.

Respiratory activity of isolated rat hepatocytes following cold storage and subsequent rewarming: a comparison of sucrose-based and University of Wisconsin solutions.

Investigations were carried out on the respiratory function of isolated rat hepatocytes after cold storage alone for periods up to 48 h in either sucrose-based solution (SBS) or University of Wisconsin (UW) solution and after subsequent normothermic preincubation. In both SBS and UW, cold storage for 24 h depressed respiratory function (to 21 +/- 3 and 23 +/- 3 nmol O(2)/min/10(6) cells, respectively) compared to control cell values (31 +/- 3 and 33 +/- 5 nmol O(2)/min/10(6) cells; P < 0.01 in each case).

A comparison of a sucrose-based solution with other preservation media for cold storage of isolated hepatocytes.

A sucrose-based solution has been compared with other preservation solutions (University of Wisconsin (UW) solution and Marshall's citrate solution, with Dulbecco's medium as control) during hypothermic preservation of isolated rat hepatocytes for up to 72 h. Studies on the stability of liver cells at low temperature by exclusion of trypan blue dye and morphological appearance were conducted. During storage beyond 24 h, there was a clear difference between cells stored in Dulbecco's medium and Marshall's citrate and those stored in sucrose-based solution and UW solution, with the former storage groups showing many cells developing large membrane "blebs" and the latter storage groups maintaining a more typical morphology and developing only small membrane protrusions.

Effects of cell concentration on viability and metabolic activity during cryopreservation.

Increasing the cell concentration during the cryopreservation of red blood cells (RBC) increased hemolysis. Similarly, increasing the cell concentration during the cryopreservation of hepatocytes reduced both the viability of the cells as assessed by trypan blue exclusion and the metabolic activity of the trypan blue-excluding cells. In both cell types, significant damage appeared at cell concentration levels exceeding 60%.

Semen Quality of Workers Exposed to Ionizing Radiation in Decontamination Work after the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor Accident.

The objective of the study was to assess effects of radiation on sperm quality, including ultramorphology of spermatozoa of men who worked as salvage workers at the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident site or in the adjacent region. Semen characteristics were assessed by light microscopy, biochemical analysis, and quantitative ultramorphologic analysis seven years after the accident. Samples were collected in the Ukraine, examined there by routine semen analysis, fixed, and transferred to Israel for further examinations.

Cryopreservation of isolated rat hepatocytes: effects of iron-mediated oxidative stress of metabolic activity.

In an attempt to quantitatively evaluate the destructive effects of free radicals on metabolism, freshly prepared and cryopreserved isolated rat hepatocytes were exposed to and incubated with Fe2+ compounds, reputedly inducing oxygen-derived free radicals (OFR) capable of attacking the lipid structures of cellular membranes. Malondialdehyde (MDA) formation was interpreted as an expression of free radical interaction with polyunsaturated lipids, and in vitro incubations were carried out during the period of constant MDA formation. Protein synthesizing activity was evaluated by incubating control hepatocytes and cells previously exposed to 100 microM of Fe2+, to 100 microM of Fe2+, and 100 microM of desferrioxamine and to 100 microM of desferrioxamine alone with 0.

Peculiarities of functioning of protein-synthesizing apparatus of the hibernator (Citellus undulatus).

Synthesis of proteins and RNA has been studied by means of labeled precursors of 14C-labeled amino acids and [14C]orotic acid in liver cells of hibernating, arousing, and active ground squirrels (Citellus undulatus). The investigations indicate that cycloheximide (CHI)-inhibited protein synthesis in liver cells of hibernating ground squirrels may occur on preexisting polyribosomes. A low level of protein synthesis in this state results not only from the Arrhenius dependence, but also from the dissociation of polyribosomes into monosomes.

[Diagnosis and treatment of immunologic infertility].

Desirability of performing comprehensive clinical and immunological investigations of childless spouses was established. Treatment techniques such as insemination with husband's or, if necessary, donor's sperm were used in combination with specific desensitization therapy.

Organization of obstetric services in USSR.

The principles on which the organization of Obstetric Services in the USSR is based are presented. The main types and functions of curative and preventive establishments which are related to the system of maternity and child protection and deliver obstetric care in the country are listed. The organizational structure of obstetric services, system of advanced training of doctors, the administrative machinery which directs the obstetric services, the development of scientific research in this field and feeding of results into practice are discussed.

Evaluation of immunofluorescence on pig zone pellucida for detection of anti-zone antibodies in human sera.

Using immunofluorescence tests, antibodies reacting with pig zone pellucida could be detected in 31% of 103 sera from patients in different clinically defined categories, mainly fertile males and females and patients from couples with unexplained infertility. The antibodies could in all cases be absorbed by means of pig erythrocytes - in most sera with all erythrocyte suspensions tested, but in some cases only with erythrocytes from certain animals - indicating that antibodies both to generally occurring pig antigens and alloantigens may be present in human sera. Staining of pig zonae was recorded equally frequently with unabsorbed sera from infertile and fertile males and females, respectively, but titres of 1:16 or more occurred more frequently among infertile than among fertile female (P = 0.