Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy in relation to offspring forearm fractures: prospective study from the Danish National Birth Cohort.

Limited evidence exists for an association between maternal diet during pregnancy and offspring bone health. In a prospective study, we examined the association between dietary patterns in mid-pregnancy and offspring forearm fractures. In total, 101,042 pregnancies were recruited to the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) during 1996-2002.

Adherence to methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: a danish nationwide cohort study.

Objectives. To study adherence to methotrexate (MTX) and factors of importance thereof in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods.

Biochemical bone turnover markers in diabetes mellitus - A systematic review.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of fractures, which is not explained by bone mineral density. Other markers as bone turnover markers (BTMs) may be useful.

Aim: To assess the relationship between BTMs, diabetes, and fractures.

No beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function or quality of life in primary hyperparathyroidism: results from a randomized controlled trial.

Context: Impairments of muscle function and strength in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are rarely addressed, although decreased muscle function may contribute to increased fracture risk.

Objective: We aimed to assess the changes in muscle strength, muscle function, postural stability, quality of life (QoL), and well-being during treatment with vitamin D or placebo before and after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in PHPT patients.

Design: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.

[Harald Selmer - the father of Danish psychiatry].

Harald Selmer is rightly called the father of Danish psychiatry. He was born in 1814, and received in 1831 his degree in medicine from the University of Copenhagen. At the age of 32 he published his famous book on the "general rules .

Unexplained high BMD in DXA-scanned patients is generalized throughout the skeleton and characterized by thicker cortical and trabecular bone.

Unexplained high bone mineral density (BMD) is a rare condition and the mechanisms responsible are yet to be described in detail. The aim of the study was to identify patients with unexplained high BMD from a local DXA database and compare their radiological phenotype with an age- and a gender-matched group of population-based controls. We defined high BMD as a DXA Z-score ≥ + 2.

Effects of antiepileptic drugs on bone health and growth potential in children with epilepsy.

Background: Bone health may be impaired in children with epilepsy.

Objectives: Our objective was to characterize bone mineral density (BMD) and bone growth in children receiving antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and to assess the effects of co-morbidity, vitamin D deficiency, and type of drugs used.

Data Sources: Data were sourced from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.

Maternal vitamin D status and offspring bone fractures: prospective study over two decades in Aarhus City, Denmark.

Background: Studies investigating the association between maternal vitamin D status and offspring bone mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during childhood have shown conflicting results.

Purpose: We used occurrence of bone fractures up to the age of 18 as a measure reflecting offspring bone mass and related that to maternal vitamin D status.

Methods: The Danish Fetal Origins 1988 Cohort recruited 965 pregnant women during 1988-89 at their 30th gestation week antenatal midwife visit.

Hyponatremia and osteoporosis: insights from the Danish National Patient Registry.

Unlabelled: The association between hyponatremia and osteoporosis was evaluated in humans. A significant association was found between low sodium levels, lower bone mineralization in the hip, and with several common conditions. Hyponatremia could be used as a marker of osteoporosis and systemic disease.

Risk of cardiovascular disease: the effects of diabetes and anti-diabetic drugs - a nested case-control study.

Aims: Type 2 diabetes (DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the effects of antidiabetic drugs on the composite endpoint (CE) of ischemic heart disease, heart failure or stroke in DM patients.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study.

New strategies for osteoporosis patients previously managed with strontium ranelate.

The aim of this article is to describe potential alternatives to patients no longer eligible for management with strontium ranelate for osteoporosis according to the recommendations by the European Medicines Agency. A systematic search of Pubmed was done for papers on fracture efficacy of various treatments for osteoporosis, and potential harms especially in terms of cardiovascular events and stroke. The results showed that drugs more efficacious in terms of relative risk reduction of fractures than strontium ranelate were alendronate, risedronate, zoledronate, and denosumab.

Bone and vitamin D status in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate bone status and biological mechanisms involved in the negative impact of anorexia nervosa (AN) on osteogenesis.

Methods: A total of 30 AN patients from Aalborg University Hospital who underwent bone scans were included in a cross-sectional study. Biochemical data, bone scans (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)) as well as general health and medical information had been collected during the 2009-2011 period and stored via local and national clinical databases in Denmark, and from these databases we identified all patients with an AN diagnosis who underwent bone scans.

Ankylosing spondylitis confers substantially increased risk of clinical spine fractures: a nationwide case-control study.

Unlabelled: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) leads to osteopenia/osteoporosis and spine rigidity. We conducted a case-control study and found that AS-affected patients have a 5-fold and 50% increased risk of clinical spine and all clinical fractures, respectively. Excess risk of both is highest in the first years and warrants an early bone health assessment after diagnosis.

[Denosumab normalized plasma calcium concentration in malignancy-associated hypercalcaemia].

This case report shows how denosumab apparently treated bisphosphonate-refractory hypercalcaemia caused by a neuroendocrine tumour of the pancreas in a 48-year-old woman. We cannot eliminate the possibility that the patient's DOTATOC-treatment contributed to the decline in plasma calcium concentration. Preliminary results from a recent large, clinical trial, suggest that denosumab is a more potent treatment of malignancy-associated hypercalcaemia than bisphosphonates.

[Heterotopic ossification in the brain can occur without preceding trauma].

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a relatively common complication to e.g. hip arthroplasty.

Subsequent fracture rates in a nationwide population-based cohort study with a 10-year perspective.

Summary: Fractures after the age of 50 are frequently observed in Denmark, and many of these may be osteoporotic. This study examined the incidence of all and subsequent fractures in a 10-year period from 2001 to 2011. The incidence of subsequent fractures was high, especially following hip fracture.

GH signaling in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in healthy human subjects: impact of gender and age.

Objective: The mechanisms underlying the impact of age and gender on the GH-IGF1 axis remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that age and gender have impacts on GH signaling in human subjects in vivo.

Design: A total of 20 healthy non-obese adults ('young group'<30 years (5F/5M) and 'old group'>60 years (5F/5M)) were studied after: i) an i.

[Treatment of hypercalcaemia].

It is important to identify the cause of hypercalcaemia to give the best possible treatment. The primary treatment is to remove the underlying cause and rehydration. When the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is elevated the most common causes are primary hyperparathyroidism and thiazides.

[Hormone replacement therapy as primary prevention?].

Benefits and risks from hormone replacement therapy are discussed if prescribed before the age of 60 years or within ten years after menopause.

Diabetes and bone fracture: risk factors for old and young.

Diabetes mellitus may affect bone turnover in a number of ways, thus leading to impaired bone quality and a consequent increase in fracture risk. These factors are summarised in this commentary.

Oral bisphosphonate use and total knee/hip implant survival: validation of results in an external population-based cohort.

Objective: Aseptic loosening is the most common cause of revision arthroplasty. Bisphosphonates could minimize this through their antiresorptive effects. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between bisphosphonate use and implant survival.