Impacts of Early Life Stress on the Methylome and Transcriptome of Atlantic Salmon.

Exposure to environmental stressors during early-life stages can change the rate and timing of various developmental processes. Epigenetic marks affecting transcriptional regulation can be altered by such environmental stimuli. To assess how stress might affect the methylome and transcriptome in salmon, fish were treated using cold-shock and air-exposure from the eye-stage until start-feeding.

The relationship of modern health worries to depression, symptom reporting and quality of life in a general population survey.

Objective: Worries about the risk to personal health from new technology and features of modern life have been shown to be associated with the use of health care services, health behaviours, mood and reporting of physical symptoms. We examined the frequency and nature of these concerns in a large national sample and the relationship of modern health worries to demographic factors, depression, symptom reporting and health-related quality of life.

Methods: A representative sample of the German population (n=2485) completed a face-to-face survey which included demographic information, the Modern Health Worries Scale, as well as measures of depression, symptom reporting, and health-related quality of life.

In vivo activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in man: effects of prednisolone and chenodesoxycholic acid.

The 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSDs) play a pivotal role in glucocorticoid (GC) action. 11β-HSD1 is a predominant reductase, activating GCs from inert metabolites, whereas 11β-HSD2 is a potent dehydrogenase inactivating GCs. Knowing the metabolic effects of GCs, a selective inhibition of 11β-HSD1 represents a potential target for therapy of impaired glucose tolerance, insulin insensitivity and central obesity.

Transfer of Autologous Gene-modified T Cells in HIV-infected Patients with Advanced Immunodeficiency and Drug-resistant Virus.

Drug toxicity and viral resistance limit the long-term efficacy of antiviral drug treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Thus, alternative therapies need to be explored. We tested the infusion of T lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector (M87o) that expresses an HIV entry-inhibitory peptide (maC46).

Insulin-like growth factors enhance steroidogenic enzyme and corticotropin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels and corticotropin steroidogenic responsiveness in cultured human adrenocortical cells.

In several species, including the human fetus, insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) have been reported to modulate adrenal steroidogenesis, thus contributing to adrenal cortical differentiation. In the present study, we examined the long term effects of IGF-I and -II on human adult adrenal fasciculata-reticularis cells cultured in a chemically defined medium and compared them to the effects of insulin, human GH, and ACTH. Treatment for 3 days with IGF-I or -II at nanomolar concentrations or with insulin at micromolar concentrations slightly increased the production of androstenedione, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone about 1.