Are people with an orofacial cleft at a higher risk of dental caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective To establish whether children born with an orofacial cleft have a higher risk of dental caries than individuals without cleft.Design A systematic review and meta-analysisMethods The search strategy was based on the key words 'cleft lip palate' and 'oral hygiene caries decay'. Ten databases were searched from their inception to April 2016 to identify all relevant studies.

Chewing gum vs. ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain, a multi-centre randomised controlled trial - the effect of anxiety.

Objectives: Pain is a common side effect of orthodontic treatment. An objective of this study, part of a large previously reported RCT on pain and analgesic use, was to determine the effect of anxiety on perceived pain and use of analgesia.

Methods: 1000 patients aged 11-17 years, undergoing upper and lower fixed appliance treatment in nine hospital departments were recruited into this two-arm parallel design randomised controlled trial.

Comparative assessment of chewing gum and ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain with fixed appliances: A pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The aim of this randomized trial was to investigate the effect of the use of a sugar-free chewing gum vs ibuprofen on reported pain in orthodontic patients.

Methods: This was a 2-arm parallel design randomized controlled trial in 9 sites in the southwest of England. Patients about to undergo orthodontic treatment with maxillary and mandibular fixed appliances were recruited and randomly allocated to an experimental chewing gum group or a control ibuprofen group.

Do I have enough time? The impact of recruiting patients to a randomised controlled trial at recruiting centres.

Introduction: This paper explores the impact of recruiting patients to a randomised controlled trial (RCT) at recruiting centres. This large multicentre RCT examining the efficacy of chewing gum compared to ibuprofen in the relief of orthodontic pain was carried out across nine recruiting centres.

Method: The work diaries of clinicians and supporting staff at recruiting centres were analysed over a four-month period from September to December 2011.

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and accumulation of haemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes in plasma in serum sickness caused by penicillin drugs.

2 patients treated with penicillin and ampicillin, respectively, suffered from haemorrhagic diathesis, haemolysis, cerebral symptoms and renal insufficiency, resembling a haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. Their plasma was red due to the presence during several days of haemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes, the P-haemoglobin being 2.8 and 1.