[Epidemiology of malformations associated with cleft lip and palate: a retrospective study of 324 cases].

Purpose: Children with cleft lip and/or palate may have associated malformations, whether or not they are included in a syndromic form. This study's purpose was to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology and distribution of malformations and syndromes associated with these clefts.

Methods: Retrospective study of 324 patients with cleft lip or palate born between 1994 and 2011.

The effects of botulinum toxin injections into the cricopharyngeus muscle of patients with cricopharyngeus dysfunction associated with pharyngo-laryngeal weakness.

This prospective, open study was carried out in order to assess changes in the swallowing and dietary status after injection of Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) into the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) in a series of patients with cricopharyngeus (CP) muscle dysfunction associated with pharyngo-laryngeal weakness during at least 1 year follow-up after treatment. Patients who had a cricopharyngeus (CP) muscle dysfunction associated with pharyngo-laryngeal weakness and who were at risk for aspiration were included in the study. The upper border of the cricoid cartilage was identified and the CP muscle localized using a standard electromyogram (EMG).

[The effect of time-compressed speech on the perception of ataxic dysarthria: a report of two cases].

Aim: In cerebellar dysarthria, the lack of precision in the articulatory motions leads to a temporal dysregulation with a decreased rate of speech. That is, our hypothesis is that the signal distortions are linked to the slowness of speech and that the acceleration of the rate improves the intelligibility of speech.

Patients And Method: Two patients with a cerebellar pathology and an ataxic dysarthria participated in the present study.

[Myasthenia gravis and oropharyngeal disorders: two cases reports].

Objective: Description of two atypical clinical cases of myasthenia gravis with pharyngeal dysphagia.

Cases Reports: A retrospective study from two cases report of myasthenia gravis with pharyngeal dysphagia.

Conclusion: The decrease of the laryngeal ascent and the desynchronization of the upper oesophageal sphincter opening appears as the main physiopathological mechanisms.

Maxillofacial intraoral distraction osteogenesis followed by elastic traction in cleft maxillary deformity.

We present a case of severe maxillary hypoplasia in a 16 years old cleft patient treated by distraction osteogenesis maxillary advancement. Initial evaluation showed vertical and antero-posterior maxillary deficiencies, and a Class III malocclusion. Two intraoral distractors (Zurich Pediatric Maxillary Distractor, KLS Martin, Tuttlingen, Germany) were placed in a high Le Fort I osteotomy.