Diagnostic accuracy of upper cervical spine instability tests: a systematic review.

Background: Patients with neck pain, headache, torticollis, or neurological signs should be screened carefully for upper cervical spine instability, as these conditions are "red flags" for applying physical therapy interventions. However, little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of upper cervical spine instability tests.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of upper cervical spine instability screening tests in patients or people who are healthy.

Diagnostic accuracy of premanipulative vertebrobasilar insufficiency tests: a systematic review.

Study Design: A systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the premanipulative vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) tests.

Summary Of Background Data: The aim of premanipulative vertebrobasilar testing is to evaluate the adequacy of blood supply to the brain, by compressing the vertebral artery and examining for the onset of signs and symptoms of cerebrovascular ischemia.

The clinical examination of neck pain patients: the validity of a group of tests.

We evaluated whether a blinded observer could identify the neck pain patients in a sample of 42 subjects consisting of neck pain patients and asymptomatic controls.The allocation of subjects to either the control or patient group was based on the scoring of a VAS scale for pain intensity, a Bournemouth Questionnaire (BQ), a manual examination of the rotation of C0-2-7 (rated for Range Of Motion, end feel, onset of pain), an adapted Spurling test and Cervical Range Of Motion (CROM) measurements.The VAS and BQ resulted in a high % of correct allocations (>/= 77.

Development of a ginkgo biloba fingerprint chromatogram with UV and evaporative light scattering detection and optimization of the evaporative light scattering detector operating conditions.

A fingerprint chromatogram of a standardized Ginkgo biloba extract is developed on a monolithic silica column using a ternary gradient containing water, iso-propanol and tetrahydrofuran. For the detection, UV and evaporative light scattering (ELS) detectors are used, the latter allowing detection of the poor UV absorbing compounds as ginkgolides (A-C and J) and bilobalide in the extract. The complementary information between the UV and ELS fingerprint is evaluated.

Refeeding after starvation in the rat: comparative effects of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates on jejunal and ileal mucosal adaptation.

To compare the tropic effect of different dietary nutrients on mucosal adaptation in the jejunum and ileum, adult rats were submitted to a 96-h period of starvation and refed isocaloric liquid diets (1.5 kcal ml-1) containing either protein (casein), carbohydrate (starch) or lipids. In the jejunum, 4 days of starvation caused mucosal hypoplasia, villus and crypt shortening and a decrease in the total activity of disaccharidases with the exception of lactase which was markedly enhanced.