Assessing the bioequivalence of over-the-counter esomeprazole banded capsules and multiple-unit pellet system tablets .

Objective: To demonstrate bioequivalence between two esomeprazole formulations under fasted and fed conditions.

Materials: Esomeprazole 20 mg multiunit pellet system (test; MUPS) tablets and over-the-counter esomeprazole 20 mg banded capsules (reference).

Materials And Methods: This open-label, randomized, 6-period crossover study assigned healthy males and females to receive single doses of each study drug under fasted or fed conditions.

Comparing outcomes of HIV versus non-HIV patients requiring mechanical ventilation.

Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a predictor of mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients with HIV-infections are admitted to the ICU for a variety of reasons that frequently require intubation. While survival rates for HIV-infected patients continue to improve, ICU admission rates have remained consistent.

Aberrant expression of neutrophil and macrophage-related genes in a murine model for human neutrophil-specific granule deficiency.

Neutrophil-specific granule deficiency involves inheritance of germline mutations in the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein epsilon (C/EBPE) gene. Humans and mice lacking active C/EBPepsilon suffer frequent bacterial infections as a result of functionally defective neutrophils and macrophages. We hypothesized that these defects reflected dysregulation of important immune response genes.

Ability of potent vitamin D3 analogs to inhibit growth of prostate cancer cells in vivo.

Background: Studies have identified analogs of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], which in vitro are 10- to 3,000-fold more active than 1,25(OH)2D3. We compared in vivo the anti-cancer activity of three potent vitamin D3 analogs and 1,25(OH)2D3 at near to each of their maximal tolerated dose (MTD).

Materials And Methods: Human LNCaP prostate cancer xenografts were grown in nude mice and the animals were treated with intraperitoneal injections of either diluant; 1,25(OH)2D3; 1,25-Dihydroxy-20epi-22-oxa-24,26,27-trisho-mocholecalciferol (KH 1060); 1,25-Dihydroxy-22E,24E-diene-24,26,27-trishomocholecalciferol (EB 1039); and 1,25-Dihydroxy-16-ene-24-oxo-19-norcholecalciferol (RO 26-9114).

Vitamin D3 analogs stimulate hair growth in nude mice.

The active form of vitamin D3 can regulate epidermal keratinization by inducing terminal differentiation; and mice lacking the vitamin D receptor display defects leading to postnatal alopecia. These observations implicate the vitamin D3 pathway in regulation of hair growth. We tested the ability of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its synthetic analogs to stimulate hair growth in biege/nude/xid (BNX) nu/nu (nude) mice exhibiting congenital alopecia.