High-Risk Lineages of Hybrid Plasmids Carrying Virulence and Carbapenemase Genes.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are a global health threat due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and limited treatment options. This study examines the plasmid-mediated transmission of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant () and () isolated from Russian hospitals. : We performed short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing of 53 clinical isolates (48 and 5 ) attributed to 15 genetic lineages and collected from 21 hospitals across nine Russian cities between 2016 and 2022.

Non- Species: Occurrence in Infections in Hospitalized Patients, Identification, and Antibiotic Resistance.

Background: species other than are becoming increasingly more important as opportunistic pathogens for humans. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, species distribution, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and carbapenemase gene content of clinical non- () isolates that were collected as part of a sentinel surveillance program of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients. The secondary aim was to evaluate the performance of MALDI-TOF MS systems for the species-level identification of isolates.

Genomic analysis of the international high-risk clonal lineage Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 395.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae, which is frequently associated with hospital- and community-acquired infections, contains multidrug-resistant (MDR), hypervirulent (hv), non-MDR/non-hv as well as convergent representatives. It is known that mostly international high-risk clonal lineages including sequence types (ST) 11, 147, 258, and 307 drive their global spread. ST395, which was first reported in the context of a carbapenemase-associated outbreak in France in 2010, is a less well-characterized, yet emerging clonal lineage.

Molecular Epidemiology of -Positive and Isolates: Results from Russian Sentinel Surveillance (2013-2018).

Background: The dissemination of mobile colistin resistance () genes is a serious healthcare threat because polymyxins represent "last-line" therapeutics for multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of colistin resistance and genes and characteristics of clinical () and () isolates and plasmids carrying these genes in Russia.

Methods: A total of 4324 and 4530 collected in the frame of sentinel surveillance in 2013-2018 were tested for susceptibility to colistin and other antibiotics using the broth microdilution method.

Fighting Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital-Acquired Infections: Current State and Emerging Technologies in Disease Prevention, Diagnostics and Therapy.

Rising antibiotic resistance is a global threat that is projected to cause more deaths than all cancers combined by 2050. In this review, we set to summarize the current state of antibiotic resistance, and to give an overview of the emerging technologies aimed to escape the pre-antibiotic era recurrence. We conducted a comprehensive literature survey of >150 original research and review articles indexed in the Web of Science using "antimicrobial resistance," "diagnostics," "therapeutics," "disinfection," "nosocomial infections," "ESKAPE pathogens" as key words.