[Minor stenosis of carotid arteries: differential approach in diagnosis and surgical treatment].

The results of treatment of 161 patients with atherosclerotic small degree stenoses of carotid arteries (up to 50% of diameter) were analyzed. From them 67 patients underwent operations for chronic cerebro-vascular failure and 11 patients--for acute cerebro-vascular failure. 31 patients, who had contraindications for surgery or refused it, plasmapheresis procedures were carried on, 52 patients with asymptomatic carotid arteries' disease underwent conservative treatment.

[Surgical treatment of paroxysmal cardiac arrhythmias with extracorporeal circulation and deep hypothermic protection].

The paper analyzes the results of surgical management of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in 29 patients. Evidence is provided that it is not necessary to perform an intracardiac electrophysiological study in all patients in the preoperative period. A method for pacing mapping is proposed, which is advisable to be used in conduction block by the accessory pathway during an operation.

[Recommendations for implanting cardiac pacemakers in bradycardia].

The paper gives recommendations for cardiologists and cardiac surgeons who are engaged in working out indications, choice of the type and mode of cardiac pacing. Based on the understanding of the great importance of nomenclature documents concerning the development of indications for pacemakers implantation, the Working Group of the Expert Committee, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, for implantable antiarrhythmic devices and electrophysiology has developed recommendations on pacemaker implantation in acquired atrioventricular (AV) block, in AV-block after myocardial infarction, chronic bi- and tri-fascicular block, sinoatrial nodal dysfunction, hypersensitive carotid sinus syndrome, neurovascular syndromes, as well as in childhood bradyarrhythmias. In developing the recommendations, the authors have used their own 25-year experience in implanting pacemakers and the recommendations proposed by the Working Group of the American College of Cardiologists and the American Association of Cardiologists in 1984 and 1991 for implanting pacemakers in bradyarrhythmias.