[Pulmonary artery denervation in pulmonary hypertension: physiological and clinical aspects].

This article is a review of the findings of experimental and clinical studies of a new method of treatment of pulmonary hypertension - pulmonary artery denervation with the help of radiofrequency ablation, cryodenervation and ultrasonic impact. Pulmonary artery denervation results in decreased neurogenic tonic sympathetic and, probably, increased parasympathetic effects on pulmonary vessels. On models of experimental monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in various-species animals, it was determined that pulmonary artery denervation is followed by decreased activity of local pulmonary renin-angiotensin system, slowed processes of remodeling of pulmonary vessels, hypertrophy and fibrosis of the right ventricle, with inhibition of progression of pulmonary hypertension by means of suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) which regulates differentiation, proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells.

First Measurement of a Long-Lived π^{+}π^{-} Atom Lifetime.

The adapted DIRAC experiment at the CERN PS accelerator observed for the first time long-lived hydrogenlike π^{+}π^{-} atoms, produced by protons hitting a beryllium target. A part of these atoms crossed the gap of 96 mm between the target and a 2.1  μm thick platinum foil, in which most of them dissociated.

[MECHANISMS OF GASTRODUODENAL DYSMOTILITY UNDER STRESS].

Psychogenic stress in rabbits caused dysmotility of the gastroduodenal zone: inhibition of contractile activity (CA) in antral and pyloric parts of the stomach simultaneously with the increase of CA in proximal and distal parts of duodenum. Stress induced inhibition of the gastric contractile activity is substantially "non-adrenergic non-cholinergic" and only in the initial phase of the reaction it appears to be "α-adrenergic". The strengthening of CA in the proximal duodenum resulted from the direct exciting action of endocrine stress factor on the smooth muscle of the gut.

Changes in contractile activity of rabbit colon under stress conditions and during post-stress period before and after blockade of muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors.

Psychogenic stress in rabbits induced by fixation of the animal to a frame was accompanied by an increase in contractile activity of the initial portion of the distal colon, which was abolished by blockade of muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors. Increased contractile activity of the colon was due to centrogenic stimulation of preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system followed by the involvement of the effector cholinergic neurons of the enteric nervous system into excitation.

[The double-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

The modern laparoscopic surgery trents the minimization of the access, which led to the workout of the novel surgical access for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy using only two ports. The advantages of the access, empowered by the positive authors' experience is cited.